Identify the prospects for the development of the insurance market. Prospects for the development of the insurance market in Russia. Modern Insurance Market of the Russian Federation

Analyzing in detail prospects for the development of the insurance market of Russia, It is possible to identify a number of negative factors negatively affecting the industry. They can wear an internal character (not the highest financial potential, deficiency of qualified personnel, etc.) or be a side "product of life" of the domestic economy.

What affects the prospects for the development of the Russian insurance market

First of all, it should be noted that the population does not continue to trust the insurers, considering them rather a lot of luxury, completely optional in modern economic conditions. Not very high level revenues of a significant part of the population significantly reduces the number of applications regarding long-term insurance Life - forms, which is, hardly, not the most requested in other countries.

It does not affect the prospects for the development of the insurance market and a sufficiently large disproportion between contributions and premiums. In addition, domestic companies often have a very low, compared with foreign offices, the level of capitalization. Another braking moment is the policy of many managers of enterprises, saving risk insurance for staff.

Development of the Insurance Market: Trends

In developed countries, all sorts of voluntary insurance - automotive, medical, life, etc. are widely demanded. Russia in this regard is still serious enough. On the other hand, this means a powerful potential, which, with a proper approach and the corresponding stimulation of the industry, can give very decent results. However, this concerns the overwhelming majority of the industries of the domestic non-fermentation economy.

The creation of an effective protection of property interests of legal entities and individuals contributes to the formation of a truly sustainable and reliable economic environment, which, in turn, is the basis of further economic growth. This is understandable to all specialists, but does not solve the problem of attracting customers. How to convince people to insure voluntarily? Further prospects for the development of the insurance market largely depend on the decision of this particular task.

The main prerequisite for the conclusion of the contract is considered awareness of risks. In Russia, a significant part of the population often simply does not perceive many dangers, as deserving additional financial costs. Many people do not boast even one voluntary insurance, which is already talking about those who have comprehensive protection of property and health in the form of several policies.

The factors affecting the development of the insurance market, of course, refers to the level of reimbursement paid. The higher it will, the larger the "authority" of insurance, as a truly effective way to combat potential risks becomes. A variant in which the cost of the service is low, and the amount of payments is decent, always at least interest the client.

Attitude of the population

The prospects for the development of the Russian insurance market depends among other things and on the quality of the services provided. According to polls, most people are more or less satisfied with the level of service insurers provided by them. The main complaints concerned disputes regarding the amount of reimbursement payments and the duration of the timing of the proceedings. The completely satisfied results of such cooperation were about half of the respondents.

It is worth remembering what happened a few years ago financial crisis Significantly changed the attitude of many Russians to insurance. More than doubled the number of people who consider it an economically justified investment of funds, but a number of those who give a sense of security increased by one and a half times. That is, psychology has changed. I wonder how new economic realities will appear on the prospects for the development of the insurance market, which seems to come.

Branch improvement measures

One of the most important tasks of the near future is to ensure the economic and psychological safety of market participants, and for this it is necessary to strengthen the position of the industry in the overall economic complex. One of the ways to solve it, individual specialists consider creating an effective nationwide program.

The insurance market within the framework of the financial system is valid on partnerships and in competition conditions. This is due to the competitive struggle for the market - securities, the insurance market offers insurance products free cash population and business entities between various financial institutions. If banks offer deposits, stock.

The main criteria for the development of the insurance market are an increase in the incomes of the population, an increase in the solvency of enterprises and the acquisition by the population of expensive property (cars and real estate).

In 2013, real incomes of the population increased by 4%, and the real wage By 6%. It is assumed that the cost of the population for final consumption in 2014 will grow by at least 4-5% in real terms, due to the fact that the costs of the population are growing faster than GDP. Based on this, the ratio of the insurance premium to GDP will also grow.

About two thirds of large and medium-sized enterprises in Russia retain the positive balance of profits and losses. Despite the fact that the share of profitable enterprises has decreased somewhat compared with the indicators of last year. According to analysts, in 2015, the solvency of Russian business will decrease. Prospects for the investment activity of enterprises, on this background, will look more stable.

According to Rosstat, investments in fixed capital, today, are at the level of last year. IN recent months There is a tendency to grow this indicator.

According to the results of 2013 credit debt The population according to the Central Bank of the Russian Federation will exceed 33%. In this regard, the forecasts for the rapid development of life insurance implemented through bank offices look quite reasonable. Bank insurance Life in the last two years has been one of the main "motors" market development - it accounted for 13% of the overall increase in the premium in 2013, although it takes only 7% of the market. According to experts, in 2014, the contribution of life insurance in the overall increase in the insurance premium turned out to be more than last year.

Based on this, it can be assumed that in 2015 a decline in russian economy And in the insurance market will not be observed. The country's economy will develop in a small pace. It is assumed that in 2015 the market will postpone the border of the premium in 1 trillion. rubles. An increase in the insurance premium (without OMS) in 2014 will be 13-15%.

According to the basic (optimistic) forecast, Expert RA, in 2015, the growth rate of contributions will exceed 20%, subject to increasing the tariffs of the CTP, stimulating the insurance of the property of citizens and the development of life insurance. The pessimist market development scenario involves the absence of these changes. In this case, the rate of increment of contributions in 2015 will be 5-7%.

In 2015, external factors should work - most likely, the tariffs on the CTP will be adjusted, measures will begin to be effective in stimulating the insurance of property of individuals. In addition, the adoption of benefits in the insurance of life and the growth of subsidies in agricultural insurance (if the yield threshold will be lowered).

The presence of infrastructure is a prerequisite for the existence of an effective insurance market. To do this, the following complex is offered:

The development of the Institute of Insurance Intermediaries, which includes:

• 1. The regulation of insurance agents and insurance brokers, creating a mechanism for effective supervision of insurance agents and brokers, increasing the responsibility of intermediaries for the quality of their services to balance the interests of insurers and insurance intermediaries in determining the service conditions (including the amount of the Commission).
• 2. Legislative regulation of the actual case, the formation of the Institute of Insurance Actuaries, the introduction of the practice of drawing up actuaries of actuarial conclusions confirming the validity of insurance rates used by the insurer and the adequacy of the formed insurance reserves.
• 3. Development of an insurance company assessment system for assessing their reliability and financial stability. Ensuring independence and transparency of rating agencies, the development of approaches to regulating their activities, taking into account the principle of voluntary rating for insurance organizations;
• 4. Improving the status and role of professional associations (unions, associations) insurers, self-regulatory organizations insurers, gradual expansion of their functions and powers;
• 5. Integration of information resources of associations of insurers at the insurance market of information support, information systems state authorities and associations of insurers connected to the interdepartmental electronic interaction system for the exchange of data necessary for certain types of insurance;
• 6. Consolidation of these reporting members of the professional association of insurers under compulsory insurance contracts in order to analyze losses, monitoring insurance tariffs, controlling the activities of members and bringing results for the public;
• 7. The introduction of one software Associations of insurers, methodological and information support for losses settlement, in particular, to determine the amount of damage, the cost of regenerative expenses, including the cost of spare parts (parts), overalls, as well as determining the actual value of property at the date of the offensive insurance case etc.;
• 8. Development and implementation of a "risk map" for certain types of insurance and insurance claims;
• 9. Collection and monitoring of information from insurers to resolve losses, the number of requirements of insurers, insured persons and beneficiaries, the number of claims for which decisions are made by the courts;
• 10. Perform functions in coordinating insurers with international practice.

The development of the Insurance Market of Russia, currently contributes to the following factors:

• 1. Integration in the global economic community;
• 2. Removing the "iron curtain" between Russia and European countries;
• 3. Increase the number of trips abroad, which are accompanied by the acquisition of insurance policies;
• 4. Development of market relations in Russia, which are accompanied by high business, financial and other risks.

The following trends are allocated in the current decade:

• 1. The emergence of new competitors: For example, banks are included in traditional types of insurance;
• 2. Development of new technologies;
• 3. Integrated solving the problems of the policyholder;
• 4. Customer orientation is not in the proposed standard products, but in the search for new solutions;
• 5. Preference Competence and Knowledge;
• 6. The emergence of new distribution channels of insurance services, first of all through the Internet.

The research center of the Insurance Company Rosgosstrakh prepared new prospects for the development of the insurance market in Russia until 2015.

Forecast for 2015 implies the following conditions:

• - increasing tariffs in the OSAGO;
• - the introduction of voluntary insurance of property of citizens
• - height state subsidies In agricultural insurance (if the yield threshold is lowered 30 to 25%)
• - Stimulating Life Insurance (Introduction tax benefits and admission to life insurers in the pension system).

With the accession of Russia to the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the commitments made in connection with this, a set of measures to harmonize Russian insurance legislation are required:

• - definition of forms and procedures for the participation of foreign investors in creating and managing insurance companies and their branches;
• - formation of approaches to supervision and control over the activities of foreign insurers and their branches in Russian Federation and transboundary insurance operations.

The indicators characterizing the penetration of insurance in the Russian economy are chosen as control indicators of the project, which is reflected in Table 1.

These are generally accepted quantitatives financial results Insurers, indicators characterizing the ratio of the amount of voluntary and compulsory insurance (extensive or intensive) on which the insurance industry is developed, indicators of the insurance role in society.

Per last years The insurance market in Russia passed the way from "gray" and the opaque area of \u200b\u200bactivity to an important segment of the economy. The need for the insurance market began to speak at the highest level, since through insurance a person implements one of its most important needs - the need for security.

Thanks to insurance, the degree of dependence of the insurers from human error, malicious intent, natural disaster is reduced.

Despite the fact that the main macroeconomic indicators of the insurance market in Russia continues to be significantly inferior to developed countries, he reached a new stage of its development. This changed the ideology of insurance companies and their goals.

The development of insurance is a factor of the positive impact on the socio-economic development of citizens and the country as a whole.

It is known that any activity seems to be a risky situation and, as a result, cannot be predicted with absolute certainty.

Insurance is a special type of financial and economic relationship, designed to guarantee the financial protection of people or organizations, and their interests from various risks.

Under insurance activities, it is understood to work on the protection of the interests of people, companies, bodies and institutions upon the occurrence of certain incidents (insurance situations) due to cash fundsCreated with insurance deposits paid by them, namely the payment of insurance premiums.

The work of a person may be associated with risk factors that are damaged to its health, material values, earnings, as well as savings, thus, the timing of these situations and the volume of loss is unknown in advance. Financial and material risks are manifested in the physical death of material values, risks of losing the health of citizens, deprivation of working capacity or death. Incidentally, possible threats forcing society to take measures to prevent possible threats and restricting their damage. Insurance, in fact, is intended to minimize financial losses social activities.

The dynamics of insurance services makes it possible to identify the interconnectedness of the insurance market with finance companies, citizens, banking concept and other financial and economic institutions, within which insurance relationship is being implemented. Special relationships are formed between the insurance market, the state budget, state extrabudgetary fundsWhat is associated with mandatory insurance.

In modern conditions, the implementation of insurance activities in the Russian Federation is governed by the following legislative acts:

1.Will legal acts In the field of insurance: the Civil Code of the Russian Federation; Federal Law of the Russian Federation of 27.11.1992 N 4015-1 "On the organization of insurance affairs in the Russian Federation".

2. General measures regulating the procedure for performing certain types of insurance activities: Federal Law of April 25, 2002 No. 40-FZ "On compulsory insurance of civil liability of vehicle owners".

3) Regulations governing individuals of insurance activities: tax code Russian Federation; Rules for the formation of insurance reserves by type of insurance other than life insurance, approved by order Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of 11.06.2002 No. 51n; Requirements for the composition and structure of assets taken to cover their own insurer's funds, approved by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of 02.07.2012 No. 17. Figure 1 shows the structure of the modern insurance market of the Russian Federation.

Figure 1. The structure of the modern insurance market of Russia

Insurance is quite important, since the state does not enter into its own duties reimbursement of the costs of companies in the event of negative factors.

In July 2013, the Government of the Russian Federation approved the "Strategy for the development of insurance activities in Russia to 2020". The document was developed by the Ministry of Finance of Russia in order to promote the development of the insurance sphere, its appeal to the strategically important area of \u200b\u200bthe state economy. Prostegia is noticed that the development of insurance is restrained by a low degree of insurance culture and insurance literacy of citizens.

Compared to 2015 according to Central Bank Of the Russian Federation, the volume of the insurance market has increased by 2.1%. This is the smallest market rise since 2009. However, this indicator in our opinion does not reflect the real state of affairs in the insurance field.

According to experts, the Russian insurance market has a significant development potential. The total amount of insurance payments in Russia is no more than 1% of the annual GDP. In developed countries 8 - 10%.

Over the past 10 years, the number of insurance organizations has decreased by 2.5 times. This is caused by merging and acquisitions, care from the market of insurance companies. To date, the consolidation of insurance companies continues.

The growth in demand for insurance services in modern conditions is associated with real estate and mortgage lending to housing buildings, in addition to the privatization of state residential foundation, increase the size and variety of private ownership of individuals and legal entities.

The factors that have a negative impact on the dynamics of the development of the Russian insurance market include:

Imperfection of domestic legislation, insufficient measures to improve tax legislation in the insurance activities;

Unsatisfactory capitalization of insurance agencies, in addition to the lack of a state reinsurance market leading to the impracticalness of major risks;

Insufficiency of information appears difficulties in choosing an insurance organization and insurance product;

Imperfection of legal and coordinating support of state insurance supervision.

The factors limiting the formation of the Russian insurance services market include:

Low solvency of citizens and business entities;

Low Insurance Culture.

Today, insurance in the Russian Federation remains at the initial border of its development, it is formed to meet all kinds of people's needs with the concepts of insurance protection against unexpected threats.

Summing up can be said with confidence that this topic is relevant, since this industry has a positive effect on the socio-economic development of organizations, individuals and legal entities, minimizing the damage to negative consequences. Thus, insurance is one of the ways ensuring effective protection of interests.

The article discusses the essence of insurance and the prospects for its development in the Russian Federation, the problems of risk insurance in Russia. The reasons for the weak development of insurance activities are identified, insurance measures are listed. The factors negatively affect the insurance in Russia are considered, the factors constraining development and contributing to the development of the insurance market.

Bibliography:

1. Order of the Government of the Russian Federation of July 22, 2013 No. 1293-p. "On approval of a strategy for the development of insurance activities in the Russian Federation until 2020."
2. Andreeva E.V. Trends in the development of risk insurance / E.V. Andreeva, O.I. Rusakov. - Irkutsk: Publishing House BSUEP, 2014. - 120 s.
3. Bakirov, A. F. Formation and development of the insurance services market / A.F. Bakirov, L.M. Click. - M.: Finance and Statistics, 2016. - 180 s.
4. Bykanova, N. I. Insurance market of Russia: problems and directions of development / N. I. Bykanova, A. S. Cherkashin // Young scientist. 2017. - 207 p.
5. Insurance: Tutorial / Svetukhov Yu.A., Dzhykov E.F., 2nd ed., Pererab. and add. - M.: NIC infra-M, 2016. - 312 p.

Modern condition, problems and prospects for the development of the insurance market of the Russian Federation Kokhno Natalia Olegovna, Cand. tech, sciences (e-mail: [Email Protected]) Grosheva Angela Andreevna, student (e-mail: [Email Protected]) Hamidulin Diana Humyarovna, student (e-mail: [Email Protected]) Novocherkassky Engineering and Meliorative Institute. A.K. Cortunov Donskaya Gau, Russia, Novocherkassk

The article discusses the current state of the insurance services market in the Russian Federation. The diverse problems of the insurance market are affected, as well as the prospects for its development for the next few years.

The theoretical argumentation of the state of the relevant market in the conditions of the current situation in Russia is presented.

Keywords: insurance, insurance services market, property rights, loss coverage.

In the processing of the market economy of the Russian Federation, insurance increasingly affects a variety legal aspects Life and activities of individuals and legal entities, the state as a whole and its power.

Insurance Market is one of the most significant segments of modern market economy, the measure of the impact of which on the development of social economic mechanism States can not be overestimated. It is a powerful tool promoting and contributing to the consolidation of investment resources, which, in turn, provide potential social Development. The stability of the insurance market is the key to the continuous development of the economy, both the state and society as a whole.

The insurance market demonstrates the scope of concrete economic relations Between the insured person or the beneficiary in need of insurance protection in connection with the possible onset of unfavorable events, and the insurer providing protection, while using insurance funds, which consist of cash contributions paid by the insured.

Also, the insurance market is the area financial marketwhich can be considered as a combination of several insurance organizations and insurers who provide relevant services for insurance and protection of society, where there are many phenomena that directly affect the low level of financial opportunities to accommodate large insurance risks, namely:

1. Insufficient amount of insurance reserves and authorized capital Insurance companies.

2. Lack of knowledge and experience in insurance, in the field of evaluation insurance riskDamage and compensation, incompetent risk management.

3. Low infrastructure coverage and tariff calculation methodology.

On the formation of insurance of the Russian Federation, their imprints were given historical features of the development and formation of Russia. At the beginning of the 21st century, domestic insurance was only revived, which means that today it is still far from its saturation point, so you can talk about large prospects for the development of this direction in the near future. Legislative framework legal regulation In the field of insurance launched the Law "On Insurance" of November 27, 1992, who gave a huge impetus in the development of the domestic insurance case. Next lead legislative actregulating this direction, has become 48 chapter Civil Code Russian Federation.

Today, in Russia, there are about 232 companies in the insurance services market, which are distributed to property forms as follows: Mixed - 58%; Private - 36%; with state participation - 5%; Municipal - 1%. (picture 1).

mixed,% private,% with state. participation,% municipal,%

Figure 1 - domestic insurance companies According to property forms

The most advanced types of insurance in Russia are considered the following: CTP, which takes about 40% of the total market, medical and pension insurance - occupy 2nd and 3rd, respectively, in a total of a little less than half of the market (25% and 20%)., Insurance real Estate Individuals and legal entities whose share accounts for more than 10%, and also close the rating of other types of insurance in our country (Figure 2).

Much less popular today in our country are such types of insurance business as liability insurance damage, accident insurance, child insurance, professional insurance and other less well-known in wide ranges of capital protection tools (liability).

40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0

sky insurance,%

nEE insurance,%

insurance

real estate,%

other types of insurance,%

share in total insurance

Figure 2 - Main types of insurance in the Russian Federation

The number of Russians using insurance services is currently gradually increasing, this is due to the growth of income of the population, the development of the industry and an increase in state regulation, as well as with improving the reliability of insurers' companies.

However, it should be noted that the following problems still impede the normal rate of insurance in Russia:

1. Low rates of demand and solvency on the services of insurance of citizens and legal entities. People are accustomed that they impose insurance, and do not perceive it as financial protection. In addition, Russian people used to rely on "Avos." For example, instead of insure the apartment from the risk of flooding, they hope that everything will cost.

2. Restriction of competition that tries to business and makes you look for new ways of development, appreciate customers and maintain a high level of quality of goods and services. Unfortunately, in the insurance market, competition is sometimes artificially limited. For example, if the client took a mortgage in a bank, he can only get insurance for partner companies. Identical health care situation, Ie, if the patient wants to be observed in a particular clinic, he will have to choose the policy of all among one or more insurance companies with which the medical institution cooperates.

3. The opacity of the market. It is necessary to increase transparency, i.e. to expand the list of documents and data obligatory to disclosure. If the information becomes publicly available, people will understand that there is nothing to hide insurers to increase the level of confidence in them.

4. Low standards of activity that lead to the fact that many insurance companies are not responsible for clients.

After the Central Bank became an insurance regulator, the situation began to change a bit for the better. In recent years, with the market

ka went about 200 insurers, the strongest remained. The main problems of those who have withdrawn licenses are insufficient financial stability. That is, the company initially understood that they would not be able to cover risks, but they still sold policies to customers. Regulator requirements must be distributed not only on financial stability Companies, but also on the level of services, the amount of payments.

5. Fraud. Only the hard regulation of the market and the propaganda of the desired image of organizations will help to cope with the distrust and fear of consumers.

All of the above problems restricting the level of insurance and its financial capabilities require a speedy solution. At the same time, these problems should be solved not only on their own, but also considering the experience foreign countrieswhere the insurance market is most developed.

However, we will not forget about the prospects for the development of insurance in Russia, since in the case of a speedy resolution of the above problems, great opportunities will appear to promote this market.

Under the influence of positive trends, taking into account the gradual permission of problems, in the future the insurance market will grow, strengthen and progress, but moderate pace.

Removing the opinions of experts in the field of insurance, it can be noted that the insurance market in Russia has all prerequisites for growth by 12-15%, which will contribute to the restoration of GDP growth, strengthening the ruble, reducing banking rates, as well as the emergence of new proposals. In addition, innovations in the insurance system of the OSAGO and the increase in the relevant tariffs will give an impetus to a new stage in the development of the insurance market in the near future. The development and growth of the lending market of individuals will help the growth of insurance of the Bank's customers from accidents and diseases, and also, due to the inflation of the cost of medical services, voluntary health insurance, according to insurance companies, will show an increase in the volume by the end of 2019.

Also, the development and operation of the insurance business will be able to improve the activities of insurance companies and support this direction from the Government of the Russian Federation every year.

Based on the foregoing, it can be concluded that the insurance market, taking into account the right approach to solving all major problems in this area, will develop in the coming years, and has prospects for its further improvement.

Bibliography

1.Akshutina S.V. Insurance market of the Russian Federation: problems and prospects // Problems of development of the territory. - 2017. - № 2 (70). - P. 115-126.

2. Bakanaev I.L., Ashaganov A.Yu., Tokayeva L.A., Movotigova M.A. Problems and prospects for the development of the insurance market of the Russian Federation // Young scientist. - 2017. - №23. - P. 468471.

3. Insurance portal [Electronic resource] - Access mode. -

4. Strategies for the development of insurance activities in the Russian Federation until 2020, approved. Order of the Government of the Russian Federation of July 22, 2013 No. 1293-R // Meeting of the Legislation of the Russian Federation. - 2013. - № 31. - Art. 4255.

5. Central Bank of the Russian Federation [Electronic Resource] - Access Mode. - URL: http://www.cbr.ru/ (Date of handling: 10/21/2018)

Grosheva Angela Andreevna, Student F-That Bist Hamidulina Diana Gumyarovna, Student F-That Bist

Novocherkassk Engineering and MelioRative Institute of A.K. Kortunov of the Don Gau, Russia, Novocherkassk.

Current State and Prospects of Development of The Insurance Market As Key Link of the Financial System of the Russian Federation

ABSTRACT. In Article The Current State of the Market of Insurance Services in the Russian Federation Is in Detail Considered. Versatile Issues of The Insurance Market and Also His Prospect of Development for the next Several Years Are Touched. Theoretic Argument of A Condition of the Corresponditions of Nowadays Existing Economic and Political Situation in Russia is submitted.

Keywords: Insurance, Market Of Insurance Services, Property Rights, Covering Of Losses.

Analysis of the land market in Kursk

By October 2018, Koshkin Andrei Aleksandrovich, student (e-mail: [Email Protected]) Schleenko Alexey Vasilyevich, Ph.D., Associate Professor South West state University, Kursk, Russia (e-mail: [Email Protected])

This article analyzes the market analysis land plots Kursk city for October 2018 for specific districts based on price consolidated price with various purposes.

Keywords: county, analysis, appointment, land, market.

In the railway district of Kursk placed a number large enterprises various industries: electric and radio engineering, defense, machine-building and metalworking, pharmaceutical, medical, light, food; Over 623 trade, public catering and service sector, including two shopping malls, food market, about 50 catering organizations, shops of various focus.

Table 1 shows the cost of land plots in the Kursk railway district according to the site "Avito"

Insurance B. modern society, as in centuries-old history, is a powerful factor in the positive impact on the economy. A special role insurance begins to play with the development of the market. As a result, today this species economic activity It becomes more and more developed. But, like any "young" phenomena, insurance has its own characteristics of the formation and distribution and deterrence factors. That is why the topic of this work is to study the prospects for the development of insurance.

As a goal, the study of the circumstances contributing to the formation and development of insurance as a social institution, as well as the reasons to deterrent this process.

The main tasks are:

• the wording of the concept of "insurance";
• determining the advantages and disadvantages of insurance;
• nomination of the hypotheses of non-proliferation of insurance as a social phenomenon;
• designation of possible paths and trends in the development of insurance.

In our country, during the reform period, a fundamental qualitative change in the social structure of society has occurred, the system of values \u200b\u200bhas changed - social regulators of relations between people changed, the system of social statuses has changed and social relationship. The changes to one degree or another affected all social institutions, they did not bypass the scope of insurance. The relevance of the insurance of insurance is primarily due to the fact that, according to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the Russian Federation is a social state, whose policy is aimed at creating conditions providing a decent life and free human development ", i.e. Social destinations in the state policy is a priority. Social protection of the population is declared a significant task of state activities. The changes are aimed at ensuring certain levels of level and quality of life of the population.

Insurance as a social institution in modern dynamic conditions is one of the systems for reducing social risks, it is able to provide citizens with a certain sense of safety and protection against man-made, environmental, industrial and domestic hazards. The risks of terrorist acts are increasingly dangerous, from which, unfortunately, not only adults are not protected, but also children. The role of insurance is increasingly enhanced in modern economy. A continuous increase in the accumulated public domain and the complication of man-made, economic and social risks that threaten its conservation and increase requires the creation of an effective and large-scale insurance system intended to compensate for unforeseen material losses.

"Insurance is a relation to the protection of property interests of individuals and legal entities upon the occurrence of certain events (insured events) through cash funds generated from insurance premiums paid by them (insurance premiums)." This is one of the most ancient categories of social and production relations.

As an economic category Insurance is a set of economic relations, which is a system of forms and methods for the formation of trust funds and their use for damages at various unforeseen phenomena, as well as to assist citizens upon the occurrence of certain events in their lives.

"Insurance sociology as a private sociological theory in the field of economic sociology examines the processes of public interaction of subjects and facilities of the insurance market, the insurance behavior of the population and social consequences Development of the insurance services market. The subject of this area of \u200b\u200bsociological knowledge is the insurance behavior of economic entities (citizens, firms and the state) as a form of public behavior. " That is why today it is so important to study the importance of insurance in society as a whole, its influence on the social processes occurring, as well as possible prospects for its development.

Currently, the Russian insurance market demonstrates the process of fast and sustainable growth, its qualitative characteristics improves, which suggests a significant increase in the role of insurance companies in the social sphere and the national economy, while in the Western economy, insurance is already quite a significant share on the general Service market.

Market development, when each commodity produce is valid for its own risk, increases the role and value of insurance. At the same time, the changes also affect the area of \u200b\u200bpersonal and property insurance of citizens, which is directly related to economic interests population. Today, insurance is, on the one hand, a way to economic protection of citizens and business, and on the other hand, income-generating activities.

Insurance gives a lot: confidence in tomorrow, protection against unforeseen expenses, necessary assistance in difficult situations. Today, the population in the overall mass is not even informed about the insurance options. Many know only mandatory views, for example, compulsory insurance of autocarted responsibility (OSAGO). But there is also voluntary insurance Property (car, apartments, houses, luxury goods), and life insurance, health insurance, and liability insurance. Thus, today in Russia, as 20 years ago, there is a one-way focus of the development of the insurance services market and overcast towards mandatory types of insurance.

Perhaps, precisely because of the lack of information in people today, this area of \u200b\u200beconomic relations is completely unknown. After all, insurance can protect against losses that arise as a result of destructive factors, completely uncontrolled man. In addition, it is not always possible to find the guilty one who is responsible for what happened. As a result, a person may be in difficult life situation. Therefore B. this case Insurance is an integral assistant in solving the established problems.

One of the reasons for the underdevelopment of the insurance market today is the negative attitude of the population to this type of economic activity, which is due to the following factors:

• the lack of a developed insurance infrastructure - so far we cannot observe the complete convenient structure of insurance companies in the market, which could provide more comfortable operation of entrepreneurial entities and the possibility of more understandable use by these services;
• low Insurance Culture - is a consequence of low economic culture as a whole, the lowest prevalence and awareness of the insurance market;
• insecurity of insurance companies - some insurers are illegal, illegal activities, as a result of which the policyholders are deceived by them. However, for all insurance organizations, the law introduced the minimum possible amount of authorized capital. After all, insurers deal not only with individuals, but also with legal, the damages of which can be appreciated by huge amounts. Thanks to the introduction of restrictions on minimum size The authorized capital, customers can be confident that when an insured event occurs, they will receive compensation in the amount required to cover the expenditures.

In addition, to reduce the importance of the last factor, insurance is regulated and controlled by the state, which will tighten the laws applied to insurance organizations every year. This reduces the risk of non-payment of payments, dissatisfaction of customer requirements. This should encourage as many citizens as possible to the use of this type of service.

As for the interaction of the state of insurance, today the situation is quite complicated. As mentioned earlier, the state obliges to insure the responsibility of car owners (OSAGO), hazardous facilities in construction or in the production, passengers of the aircraft, tourists and military personnel. As for the rest, here are physical and legal entities It is entitled to choose: you need it or not. However, in practice it is clear that today voluntary insurance is only interested in a small proportion of potential customers. Many do not understand the mechanism by which this activity And they do not see the point of investing today in, perhaps their future.

What happens after? Let's consider the situation of 2010, when a lot of private houses and cottage crashed in the summer during drought. At the same time, people stayed completely without housing and the prick over her head. Of course, the state assumed this responsibility and either identified a certain amount of funds victim to restore, or built new homes. But how many unplanned cash spending went to it!? What "hole" in state budget "Goggle" those summer fires!? And per unit of household was not so little allocated! And if you imagine that all the property of at least some of the victims were insured! First, each owner would receive full compensation for harmful to his property; Secondly, the state would not have the burden of the necessary assistance in terms of finance (they would remain in the treasury and may have been distributed more efficiently).

As you know, a large proportion of our country's population belongs to the class below average. The middle class (according to the assessment of the Institute of Modern Development) is people whose income on one family member per month is 2 - 2.5 thousand dollars, at least 40 square meters A total area for each family member and 2-3 cars on the family. It can be seen that only about 7% of Russians can be attributed to the middle class. Consequently, when an accident occurred, an emergency, a small number of people will be able to help himself and secure himself.

For this, the state and introduces the obligatory types of insurance in order to instill citizens to the awareness of the need for this service, that culture of insurance, which we do not yet have in the country. And considering our mentality today, the pressure of the state in this direction is simply necessary for understanding the importance of insurance. In this case, the state acts as an assistant and the adviser for us, which is quite natural, having due to the non-proliferation and unpopularity of voluntary types of insurance.

Therefore, there is now raising tariffs for compulsory insurance, which, of course, causes displeasure among the population against the background of a general increase in prices for most of the goods and services in the country. However, this measure in insurance has objective reasons: increasing tariffs, the state increases the amount of the responsibility of the insured. In addition, in the State Duma for several years, the draft law is considered on the introduction of a new type of insurance - compulsory insurance of apartments. After all, this is a place where a person would seem to be protected completely, but not always (municipal service errors, flooding, gas leak, terrorist acts, the lack of tenants themselves, etc.). After all, the insurance of the apartment is not worth greater moneyBut the insured will be sure that with an accident he will not have to "climb into the nightstand", to be borrowed, only to pay the neighbor caused damage, for example. Therefore, the state, being social (as registered in the Constitution of the Russian Federation), is trying to help its citizens in solving their problems.

For the insurance market, it is vital that work on the development of a system of social stimuli to increase the demand for insurance was carried out by the insurance community in close relationship with research and analysis of the general economic situation in the country. When providing such a relationship, it is possible to create a system of practically applicable incentives, which are able to really promote the expansion of the domestic insurance field. The priority is the direction to enhance the formation of the insurance portfolio voluntary species Insurance by interaction with potential insurers. This path lies through the development and use of economic and organizational incentives.

Today there are major trends in Russia and priority areas for the development of the insurance market, namely:

• the main trend in the development of the Russian insurance services market is to combine banks and insuranceors in the form of joint projects for the sale of insurancepolis through the banking network. Integration and traffic of insurance companies in spheres financial SectorThe expansion of the set of products offered by them becomes a decisive factor in the successful development of insurance companies. At the same time, the issue of expanding the composition of insurance portfolios in Russia is not so acute, since there is still unsatisfied demand for the classic sets of the insurance portfolio. In the West today, there are practically no free niches for insurance companies, and therefore insurers compete with each other for a certain circle of consumers for decades. Russian insurance companies in contrast to Western colleagues in this sense have advantages: they can combine and sell on russian market both classical and new specific types of insurance;
• another trend is to globalize Insurance Bowl, which will lead to an increase in the number of foreign insurers in the domestic studio, interested in creating various alliances and joint projects with legitarian insurers;
• the third trend of the Russian insurance market is to sell insurance products via the Internet. This director insurance business It is very promising, since plans to overcome long distances with minimal costs and in the future will serve as a fundamental factory that determines the success of the insurance company in Russia. It naturally affects the social sphere, as the wider distribution of insurance as a social phenomenon is formed among more representatives of various segments of the population;
• in addition, today the mortgage is gaining its turnover, as it grows the need for new housing among the population. The main groups that need such financial instrumentAs mortgage are young families and families with a small, but stable earnings. How does mortgage develop affect insurance? Banks when issuing funds to mortgage want to be confident that they will not lose anything. There are a risk of "legal unintentional" of the acquired housing and the risk of losing the owner of work or health. Therefore, banks oblige their customers to contact the insurance companies, which cannot but influence the development of the insurance market as a whole;
• another tendency to distribute insurance belongs to the development of construction. Today, construction rates and needs both in residential and non-residential funds. Therefore, construction companies expand their fields of activity, however, as it is known, construction is always a risky and dangerous business. In addition to obvious risks, there is a risk of inconsistency in profits, which can be insured both at the construction stage and at the stage of operating activities. Reimbursed on this program, lost net profit and actually incurred permanent costs, as well as expenses aimed at reducing the duration of the break in commercial activities. Payment can be equivalent to the size of net profit and permanent costs for 12 months preceding insurance year (for insurance at the stage of operating activities) or planned net profit in accordance with the business plan (for insurance for the construction period) [site];
• in addition to the listed areas, one can allocate one more thing: management development. As you know, management is the art of control. Today, more and more companies and organizations are resorting to professional management services to improve the efficiency of their activities and increasing staff productivity. A larger number of firms pay attention to the working conditions of their subordinates, on the quality and level of their life and health. With this approach, the managers are trying to create the necessary conditions For maximum returns from employees. In this case, the emphasis is on personal insurance of personnel, which includes not only worthy mandatory health insurance, but also voluntary medical insurance, accident insurance, professional diseases etc. ;
• since today the Russians begin to leave abroad more often, the development of tourism also has favorably affects the strengthening of the insurance market in Russia. Travel companies oblige consumers of their services to insure their lives and health. With confidence we can say that this type of insurance is simply necessary, as we can never say with confidence that nothing happens to us, and abroad the risk only increases.

For the successful development and functioning of the insurance case, the increase in its status among the population and economic entities is necessary, on the one hand, its support to the state and business circles, improvement of the regulatory framework, and on the other - the intensification of the activities of the insurance companies themselves through the use of new types of insurance by analogy With the insurance markets of industrialized countries, conducting market research, increasing the responsibility and culture of the maintenance of insurers. In addition, the potential policyholders themselves should understand that their future can be protected from the influence of a variety of factors. It should stimulate the population to make a decision on insurance both their health and its own property.

World practice did not work out a more economical and rational mechanism for protecting the interests of property owners than insurance. And undoubtedly that with the development of market relations, the expansion of business activities, reducing the share state Structures In covering losses, the need for insurance will increase, and in the sphere of insurance relations all new and new objects and subjects will be involved. This, in turn, requires the improvement of the legal, organizational and economic mechanism for managing insurance.

Insurance in some countries is already a fairly developed and busy economy. People can not live without the "safety net". However, if we consider Russia, the lack of a developed market of insurance is caused by the mentality, since the population does not understand the essence of this process, and underdeveloped legislation in the field of protection of insurers, and the low quality of insurance infrastructure. However, now we can allocate some of the emerging insurance trends in Russia, in particular, the association of insurance and banking services, Integration of domestic and foreign insurance companies and the use of the Internet to distribute insurance services. In addition, many services can favorab the development of insurance, in particular an increase in mortgage consumption, expansion construction firms, effective application of management and distribution of tourism. Therefore, today, insurance in our country is only gaining momentum, and in the future this sphere will become one of the most developed and profitable in the entire economy of Russia.

Literature

1. "Constitution of the Russian Federation" (accepted by a national vote 12.12.1993).

2. " Russian newspaper"On January 12, 1993, the Federal Law" On the Organization of Insurance In the Russian Federation "of November 27, 1992

3. Syllasty G.G. Economic Sociology: M.: Gardariki, 2005. 383c.

4. I.S. Shafugullina, I.V. Mkrtumova "Insurance as a Social Institute: Features of the formation of insurance needs": // "Tisby Herald": Naj.-Inform. ed. / NOU VPO "University of Management" Tisby "- 2004, №4 - Republic of Tatarstan.

5. Ermasov S. V., Ermasova N. B. Insurance: S. V. Yermasov, N. B. Yermasov. 2nd ed., Pererab. and add. M.: Higher Education, 2008. 613 p.

6. Interview with the Executive Vice-President of the Renaissance Insurance Group Sergei Kovalchuk [Site]. URL: http://marketing.rbc.ru/reviews/incerance/interview-renaissance.shtml (Date of handling: 08.03.2015).

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