20 major economies in the world. What place does Russia occupy in terms of the size of the economy in the world? place went to Germany
How the world GDP changed from 1970 to 2016 in nominal and constant prices relative to 1970. You can read this and a lot of other interesting information in this article. Where there is no data for 2016, data are indicated for 2013 and there is a mention of this.
For the period 1970-2016 World GDP grew from 3398.7 to 75212.7 and increased by 71817 billion US dollars, or 22.13 times; the change took place due to the increase in the world population from 3692 to 7456 million people, i.e. the population grew by 3764 million people. or 2.02 times as compared to 1970. It also grew due to an increase in GDP per capita in the world, which in 1970 was $ 921, and already in 2016 was $ 10167. Average annual growth World GDP during this period amounted to 1561.2 billion dollars.
During 1970-2016. Per capita GDP in the world increased by $ 9246 or 11.04 times to $ 10167. The average annual growth of GDP per capita in the world during this period was $ 201 per year.
At constant prices by 1970, the picture looks like this. Here it should be said what constant prices are.
Constant prices: A common set of prices used to estimate the output of a firm or the economy as a whole over successive periods. The change in the real volume of activity in an enterprise or in the economy is measured by assessing the value of annual real costs and output in constant prices. Prices for a specific date or average prices for a period are used as constants. It is rather difficult to select an appropriate set of constant prices, since the type and quality of goods are constantly changing. It is impossible to find out the price of a product in 1980 if this product appeared on sale only in 1990, or, conversely, the price of a product in 1990 if its sale was terminated in 1980. The longer the period under review, the greater the share of the total volume of production, in assessing the value of which one has to face such difficulties, and the less reliable comparisons of income or volume of production in constant prices.
So the constant GDP relative to 1970 prices increased from 3398.7 billion dollars. $ up to 13487.4 billion dollars. $ in 2016. The growth amounted to 10,088.7 billion dollars. $ or it grew 3.97 times.
GDP per capita in the world in constant prices relative to 1970 increased from $ 921 to $ 1823 in 2016. The growth was $ 902 or it grew 1.98 times. This means that the purchasing power of one inhabitant of the planet has almost doubled in 46 years.
World nominal GDP, billions of dollars, 1970-2016
GDP nominal per capita in the world, dollars, 1970-2016, current prices
GDP nominal in the world by region
Share of regions in GDP, nominal value of the world,%, 2013
TOP 30 countries by world GDP 1970-2016 (nominal / PPP)
Leading countries in GDP denomination of the world 1970-2016
The absolute wealth of a country is expressed in terms of GDP. The absolute indicator of GDP speaks about general level development of the country's economy and its share in the world gross product. The wealth of the inhabitants is usually calculated as the total GDP / number of citizens of the country. It is clear that the wealth ratings of countries and its inhabitants have little overlap with each other.
The richest countries in the world 2016 in absolute terms of GDP
1st place the richest in 2016 is occupied by the United States. America, against the backdrop of a strongly slowed down China in 2016, no longer threatens to lose first place. Compared to last year, GDP has grown by $ 433 billion and the gap from second place has increased.
2nd place occupied China. China's economic bubble has been deflating over the past year. Structural problems associated with the rise in labor costs have so far been flooded with money - about $ 400 billion of reserves have been spent. Although GDP growth has slowed down, it shows a stable positive result: + $ 171 billion.
3rd place- from Japan. The global tech giant continues to perform well despite the volatility in Asian markets. + $ 202 billion
4th place went to Germany. Despite the problems in the Eurozone, its economic locomotive has managed to remain the fourth largest economy in the world. + $ 54 billion
5th place- United Kingdom. The only country from the top five that showed a negative result according to the IMF estimates from April to April.
Russia among the strongest economies in the world 14 positions with a result of $ 1.1 trillion of GDP. Although the Russian Federation showed negative growth, it was able to move up one notch in the ranking due to Mexico, which fell to 15th place.
List of Top 100 countries in absolute termsGDP 2016
Rank Country GDP, billion $ Change GDP, billion $
1 USA 18558.1 +433.4
2 China 11383.0 +171.1
3 Japan 4412.6 +202.2
4 Germany 3467.8 +54.3
5 Great Britain 2761.0 -92.4
6 France 2464.8 -4.7
7 India 2288.7 -19.3
8 Italy 1848.7 +5.9
9 Brazil 1534.8 -369.1
10 Canada 1462.3 -153.2
11 South Korea 1321.2 -113.9
12 Spain 1242.4 +12.2
13 Australia 1200.8 -51.5
14 Russia 1132.7 -43.3
15 Mexico 1082.4 -149.6
16 Indonesia 937.0 +41.3
17 Netherlands 762.5 +13.1
18 Turkey 751.2 -1.3
19 Switzerland 651.8 -36.6
20 Saudi Arabia 618.3 -30.7
21 Nigeria 538.0 +22.6
22 Sweden 512.7 +25.3
23 Taiwan 508.8 -19.0
24 Poland 473.5 -17.7
25 Belgium 465.2 +1.4
26 Argentina 437.9 -125.2
27 Thailand 409.7 +23.4
28 Iran 386.1 -7.4
29 Austria 384.8 +4.2
30 Norway 366.9 -54.1
31 UAE 325.1 -38.6
32 Hong Kong 322.4 +12.3
33 Philippines 310.3 +2.3
34 Malaysia 309.3 -18.6
35 Israel 306.2 -0.7
36 Denmark 301.8 +4.4
37 Singapore 294.6 -1.5
38 South Africa 266.2 -57.6
39 Ireland 254.6 +34.6
40 Colombia 253.2 -79.2
41 Chile 235.4 -15.1
42 Finland 234.6 -0.7
43 Bangladesh 226.3 +21.0
44 Portugal 205.1 +4.1
45 Vietnam 201.4 -3.1
46 Greece 194.6 -12.5
47 Venezuela 185.6 -53.9
48 Czech Republic185.3 +4.2
49 Romania 181.9 +4.6
50 Peru 178.6 -13.5
51 Qatar 170.9 -14.5
52 New Zealand 169.9 -2.3
53 Algeria 166.0 -6.3
54 Iraq 148.4 -21.0
55 Hungary 117.7 -2.9
56 Kazakhstan 116.2 -57.1
57 Morocco 108.1 +5.0
58 Kuwait 106.2 -14.5
59 Puerto Rico 99.7 -1.9
60 Ecuador 94.0 -4.8
61 Sudan93.7 +10.1
62 Slovakia 89.8 +3.2
63 Sri Lanka 84.8 +2.7
64 Ukraine 83.6 -7.0
65 Angola 81.5 -21.5
66 Myanmar 74.0 +7.0
67 Dominican Republic 71.4 +3.9
68 Guatemala68.1 +4.2
69 Ethiopia 67.4 +5.8
70 Kenya 64.7 +3.3
71 Uzbekistan 61.6 -4.0
72 Luxembourg 60.2 +2.8
73 Costa Rica 56.9 +4.0
74 Panama 55.8 +3.6
75 Uruguay 53.1 -0.6
76 Lebanon 52.8 +1.6
77 Oman 51.7 -6.8
78 Croatia 49.9 +1.1
79 Bulgaria 49.4 +0.4
80 Tanzania 45.9 +1.0
81 Belarus 45.9 -8.7
82 Tunisia 44.0 +0.4
83 Slovenia 43.8 +1.0
84 Macau 43.6 -2.6
85 Lithuania 43.0 +1.8
86 Congo 41.2 +2.3
87 Jordan 39.8 +2.2
88 Libya 39.3 +1.0
89 Ghana38.2 + 2.1
90 Serbia 37.4 +0.9
91 Yemen37.3 +0.5
92 Turkmenistan 35.4 -0.3
93 Azerbaijan 35.1 -18.9
94 Ivory Coast 34.7 +3.5
95 Bolivia 34.0 +0.8
96 Cameroon 30.3 +1.8
97 Bahrain 30.1 -0.3
98 Latvia 28.2 +1.1
99 El Salvador 27.3 +1.6
100 Paraguay 26.8 -1.3
Growth leaders Fall leaders
USA +433.4 (1st place) Brazil -369.1 (9th place)
Japan +202.2 (3rd place) Canada -153.2 (10th place)
China +171.1 (2nd) Mexico -149.6 (15th)
Germany +54.3 (4th) Argentina -125.2 (26th)
Indonesia +41.3 (16th) South Korea -113.9 (11th)
It is clear that it is much easier for China with a population of 1.36 billion to achieve absolute indicators than relative ones. The relative indicator of GDP is based on the ratio of the GDP produced by the country to the size of its population and characterizes the wealth and standard of living of the citizen himself.
The richest countries in the world in 2016 by the level of welfare of citizens (GDP per capita)
1st place. The richest citizens of 2016 live in Luxembourg. The miniature state still lives on rent from offshore and bank income and feels great at the same time. Citizens get $ 104 thousand from Country GDP per person.
2nd place- from Switzerland. Swiss banking secrecy and tourism allows the country's citizens to be among the wealthiest in the world. GDP per capita - $ 78 thousand
3rd place occupied Norway. The northern country, despite significant losses from the fall in oil prices, managed to remain in the top three countries with the highest living standards. $ 69712
4th place- at Qatar. The oil-producing Middle Eastern state has lost more than Norway from the fall in oil. If last year Qatar was in the lead in the list, now it is only fourth with a result of $ 66,000 per person.
5th place- Macau. A special administrative region of China with a small population of 500 thousand people by Chinese standards earns on tourism (annual flow - 25 million) and on gambling business, which is 40% of GDP. $ 62.5 thousand
Russians in 2016 became poorer by $ 1,300 per person. $ 7750 is the 73rd result.
List of Top 100 countries by GDP per capita
Rank Country GDP in $ per capita Change
1 Luxembourg 104359 +2365
2 Switzerland 78179 -2496
3 Norway 69712 -5110
4 Qatar 66265 -10311
5 Macau 62521 -6788
6 USA 57220 +1415
7 Iceland 56114 +5259
8 Ireland 54464 +3113
9 Denmark 53104 +990
10 Singapore 52755 -133
11 Sweden 51136 +1270
12 San Marino 49991 +144
13 Australia 49145 -1817
14 Netherlands 44828 +1225
15 Austria 44778 +1054
16 Hong Kong 43828 +1438
17 Finland 42654 +680
18 Great Britain 42106 -1665
19 Germany 41895 +899
20 Belgium 40688 +582
21 Canada 40409 -2923
22 France 38173 +498
23 New Zealand 36254 -791
24 Israel 35905 +562
25 Japan 34871 +2385
26 United Arab Emirates 32989 -3071
27 Italy 30232 +365
28 Puerto Rico 28720 -516
29 Spain 26823 +958
30 Korea 25990 -1205
31 Kuwait 25142 -4221
32 Bahamas 24213 +310
33 Malta 24013 +1184
34 Cyprus 22903 +316
35 Bahrain 22798 -712
36 Taiwan 21607 -681
37 Brunei 21497 -6740
38 Slovenia 21210 +477
39 Portugal 19684 +563
40 Saudi Arabia 19313 -1500
41 Estonia 18180 +892
42 Greece 18035 -30
43 Czech Republic 17543 +286
44 Trinidad and Tobago 17456 -630
45 Saint Kitts and Nevis 16794 +684
46 Palau 16716 +646
47 Slovakia 16575 +583
48 Barbados 16044 +270
49 Uruguay15506 -243
50 Seychelles 15400 +459
51 Lithuania 14965 +755
52 Antigua and Barbuda 14753 +339
53 Latvia 14259 +640
54 Panama 13644 +631
55 Oman 13060 -2173
56 Chile 12 938 -403
57 Poland 12,460 -36
58 Hungary 11970 -270
59 Croatia 11876 +303
60 Costa Rica 11614 +677
61 Lebanon 11484 +247
62 Argentina 10 051 -3538
63 Malaysia 9811 +254
64 eq. Guinea 9604 -2158
65 Turkey 9562 +125
66 Mauritius 9422 +203
67 Grenada 9332 +396
68 Maldives 9281 +281
69 Romania 9157 +251
70 Mexico 8415 -594
71 China 8240 +250
72 Saint Lucia 8188 -4
73 Russia 7743 -1312
74 Suriname 7701 -1604
75 Gabon 7530 -206
76 Brazil 7447 -1223
77 Dominica 7363 +332
78 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 7124 +241
79 Dominican Republic 7074 +318
80 Bulgaria 6927 +96
81 Montenegro 6713 +224
82 Turkmenistan 6479 -143
83 Kazakhstan 6472 -3324
84 Libya 6158 +99
85 Thailand 5940 +197
86 Venezuela 5908 -1837
87 Botswana 5897 -144
88 Jordan 5705 +192
89 Ecuador 5688 -383
90 Fiji 5550 +177
91 Peru 5513 -508
92 Serbia 5241 +122
93 Colombia 5195 -889
94 Macedonia 5021 +234
95 Namibia 5,005 -772
96 Jamaica 4968 +20
97 Belize 4866 +24
98 Belarus 4855 -894
99 Iran 4799 -78
100 South Africa 4768 -926
Growth leaders Fall leaders
Iceland +5259 (7th) Qatar -10311 (4th)
Ireland +3113 (7th) Macau -6788 (5th)
Japan +2385 (25th) Brunei -6740 (37th)
Luxembourg +2365 (1st place) Norway -5110 (3rd place)
Hong Kong +1 438 (16th) Kuwait -4221 (31st)
Despite the fact that GDP at parity purchasing power cannot be a fair assessment and is akin to mental balancing act like the Big Mac index, we present the existing data.
1 Qatar 129511.8
2 Luxembourg 100991.1
3 Macau 87845.5
4 Singapore 86853.7
5 Brunei 77661.9
6 Kuwait 70586.6
7 Norway 69,031.1
8 United Arab Emirates 67946.5
9 San Marino 64464.5
10 Switzerland 59 150.1
11 Ireland 58372.7
12 Hong Kong 58 128.0
13 US 57220.2
14 Saudi Arabia 53,728.2
15 Bahrain 50667.4
16 Netherlands 50338.9
17 Sweden 49424.5
18 Australia 48196.0
19 Austria 48098.2
20 Iceland 48042.4
21 Taiwan 47811.6
22 Germany 47535.6
23 Denmark 46704.0
24 Canada 46199.4
25 Oman 44530.5
26 Belgium 44143.7
27 Great Britain 42041.3
28 France 41,867.9
29 Finland 41690.1
30 Japan 38731.3
31 Puerto Rico 37869.3
32 South Korea 37699.2
33 Malta 37328.3
34 New Zealand 36950.1
35 Italy 36191.1
36 Spain 36 142.8
37 Israel 34335.7
38 Cyprus 33304.0
39 Czech Republic 32599.9
40 Trinidad and Tobago 32432.0
41 Slovenia 31871.8
42 Slovakia 31012.8
43 Lithuania 29716.6
44 Estonia 29543.3
45 Equatorial Guinea 28923,6
46 Portugal 28479.6
47 Poland 27670.5
48 Malaysia 27278.2
49 Seychelles 27230.4
50 Hungary 27145.7
51 Greece 26609.5
52 Saint Kitts and Nevis 25912.9
53 Latvia 25883.3
54 Bahamas 25507.2
55 Russia 25185.5
56 Kazakhstan 24176.9
57 Antigua and Barbuda 23,922.4
58 Chile 23803.3
59 Panama 22861.4
60 Argentina 22303.2
61 Croatia 22296.2
62 Uruguay 21944.3
63 Romania 21916.4
64 Turkey 21198.5
65 Mauritius 20442.6
66 Bulgaria 19839.1
67 Gabon 19149.9
68 Lebanon 18 425.8
69 Mexico 17905.5
70 Iran 17888.3
71 Azerbaijan 17486.5
72 Belarus 17440.8
73 Turkmenistan 17072.5
74 Barbados 17050.0
75 Montenegro 17022.0
76 Botswana 16938.2
77 Thailand 16706.3
78 Iraq 16323.3
79 Costa Rica 16088.6
80 Suriname 15977.0
81 Dominican Republic 15776.9
82 Palau 15483.0
83 Maldives 15,345.7
84 Venezuela 15251.5
85 China 15095.2
86 Brazil 15048.6
87 Algeria 14857.3
88 Macedonia 14631.1
89 Libya 14348.8
90 Colombia 14,171.2
91 Serbia 14047.0
92 Grenada 13599.2
93 South Africa 13166.2
94 Peru 12580.6
95 Jordan 12358.5
96 Mongolia 12133.5
97 Egypt 12113.1
98 Saint Lucia 11,944.4
99 Namibia 11903.9
100 Albania 11821.7
According to IMF, World Economic Outlook April 2016
"Investor School"
Every year by analytical financial institutions the largest economies in the world by GDP are determined. The list includes almost all countries of the planet. The success rate is expressed in dollar terms relative to the current exchange rate. Objectively, this rating of the world's largest economies does not reflect the nominal state of affairs in a particular country, but gives only a general assessment of the activities.
GDP indicators do not take into account the difference in prices for homogeneous services and goods. This is the main disadvantage. of this rating... To solve this shortcoming, world statisticians use an additional coefficient of purchasing power parity. Taking into account the PPP indicator, the World Bank has compiled its rating of the TOP-10 countries with the most successful economies.
Unconditional US leadership
Even the largest economies in the world have been unable to compete with the United States in terms of nominal GDP for years. And even though today America has a colossal debt to a dozen banks, its leadership still remains unshakable.
The share of the gross product relative to the country's PPP accounts for almost 30% of the total world GDP. Today, the US economy is holding at $ 17.4 trillion. At the same time, in 2015, despite the oil crisis, indicators rose by another 2.3%. It is interesting that the US economy is one of the most transparent in the world. Dozens of financial statements from different ministries and chambers. Also, indicators of public and commercial organizations, which is not found in any other country.
Most of the state's profitability is made up of natural resources. Also, the country has well-developed high-tech production, scientific research, service industries, and an export line. However, in last years there is a decrease in the indicators of the industrial sector due to a lack of labor.
Second place - for China
The PRC is developing more and more rapidly every year. A few years ago, the Chinese economy was on a par with the Japanese, but today the situation has changed radically. In 2014 alone, the PRC budget was replenished by several trillion dollars. It is the most developing country in terms of financial sustainability.
Currently, China's GDP is more than $ 10.3 trillion. Thanks to the reforms in the industrial system, the republic is capable of producing more export goods every day than any other country. It's all to blame for the long workweek, short vacations and low wages. Currently, the share of foreign investment in the country exceeds 80%. And according to experts' forecasts, the Chinese economy should overtake the American one by 2021. 
Industry is considered the most important branch of profitability in the PRC. In industry, China has no equal for a long time. It is also worth noting the nuclear and space directions, the extraction of valuable ores, construction.
Japan closes the top three
At the moment, the country's nominal GDP is estimated at $ 4.6 trillion. However, 5-6 years ago, the Japanese economy occupied the second position in the world ranking, second only to America. Nevertheless, due to the rapid growth of the PRC index, the Land of the Rising Sun had to drop to third place.
The dominant role in the financial structure of Japan is played by banking system, transport services, real estate, telecommunications, retail and construction. Today, the country has optimized such industries as electronics, metal and chemical processing, textiles, food products, and automobiles. The service sector accounts for more than half of the nominal GDP. 
Japan's economy is based on capitalism. This significantly slows down its development. The main instrument of capitalization in the country is the Tokyo Stock Exchange.
Features of the budget of Germany
At the moment, the financial structure of Germany is one of the most stable and successful in the world. The fact is that, unlike most other countries, the German economy is not built on foreign loans. The percentage of public debt is extremely small, which makes the budget of the republic invulnerable to a number of extraneous factors.
The German economy is determined by the level of GDP, the volume of which is about $ 3.8 trillion. In recent years, the country's profitability has grown thanks to higher export performance. The service sector also plays an important role in the development of the stability of the financial system. Germany is a post-industrial republic, so industry accounts for only 20% of GDP. The rest of the share applies to the service sector, education and agriculture.
UK economy
In this country, the stability of the budget is regulated by the successful manipulation of market demand and exchange rates... The largest economies in the world, such as France and India, have been lagging behind the UK for many years now. And the fault lies in the effective actions of the central bank of England. In addition, the financial systems of Northern Ireland and Scotland play a supporting role. The positive stability of the national unit - the pound sterling - also plays a role. 
The volume of GDP of the united state is almost $ 3 trillion. It is noteworthy that the unemployment rate is increasing every year. Negative dynamics has been noted since the late 2000s. In 2009, the percentage of unemployed was about 7.6%. At the moment, the situation has leveled off a little - about 5%.
The main source of income for the state is the service sector, followed by industry and tourism.
The efficiency of the French economy
The country's GDP ranges from $ 2.8 trillion. This indicator allows France to enter the TOP-10 of the rating "The largest economies in the world" over the past few years.
It is interesting that this particular power is one of the most highly developed countries in the agrarian and industrial sectors. Industrial production accounts for two-thirds of state GDP at par. In the last 6 years alone, the gross product has grown by almost $ 1 trillion, that is, by 50%. There are about $ 40 thousand per capita here. 
European analysts predict another 21% GDP growth in 2015. Thus, by January 2016, the figure will be $ 3.3 trillion, which, possibly, will allow the UK to catch up in the ranking.
Most Profitable Latin American Country - Brazil
This high level is due to the volume of GDP, which currently stands at $ 2.3 trillion. Like the rest of the world's largest economies, the Brazilian system is based on the service and industrial sectors. Nevertheless, agriculture and mining are highly developed in the country.
Brazil has a huge number of able-bodied citizens, and the authorities take advantage of this by providing people with new jobs. Today the Brazilian export goods are present in all world markets. And this applies not only to coffee, juice and textiles, but also to cars, aviation technology and electronic equipment. 
It is not for nothing that Brazil is considered the most economically developed Latin American state. On the other hand, the north of the country still suffers from unemployment.
Italy economic indicators
The main advantage of the country's financial system is a competent approach to the federal budget. In just the last two years, Italy's treasury has grown 2.5 times. Today, nominal GDP stands at $ 2.1 trillion.
The region is well developed medium business... This also applies to the field of design, and the production of household appliances, and tailoring. Mechanical engineering, communications and agriculture remain in the leading positions. It is no secret that it is Italy that attracts tourists from all over the world with its new fashion trends. Resort places are also popular.
Today Italy is a highly developed industrial power. And yet there are significant holes and shortcomings in the economic system. This primarily concerns the growing public debt as well as poor service levels. The tax system is also underdeveloped.
India's economic sensation
The stabilization of the state treasury took the South Asian republic for several decades. Immediately after gaining independence, the Indian authorities chose a course for the largest economies in the world. The first results were achieved already by 1991. By that time, the private sector had been modernized, and large investors and export partners had been attracted. Today, the country's GDP is about $ 2 trillion. 
For a long time, the main sources of income for the state were the private sector and gold mining. Gradually, international trade relations began to develop, and there was a leap in health care. At the moment, agriculture accounts for only 28% of GDP, the rest is divided by industry and the service sector.
Russia closes the rating
The Russian Federation has long been an overdeveloped industrial and agrarian country. Today the GDP reaches the level of 1.9 trillion dollars. Thus, the share of Russia's gross product in the world supplies about 3.3%.
Interestingly, during the 2015 crisis, the Russian economy practically did not suffer. The authorities promptly replaced imported goods with domestic ones, significantly redesigning the industry. It is announced that in 2015 the treasury will be replenished by another 700 billion dollars.
As you know, the key sources of Russia's profit remain oil and gas production, as well as the tax system.
THE 10 BIGGEST GLOBAL ECONOMIES IN 2017.
In 2017, China will overtake America in terms of growth, but the American economy will still remain the largest in the world. The Celestial Empire will press the USA only by 2050.
The US economy is the largest in the world. If we combine the economies of countries from 3rd to 10th place in our list, it will still be larger. However, in the future, the United States will give up its positions, this list will include developing countries, and France, Italy and Canada will not be on it.
Top 10 countries in terms of GDP in 2017
According to the latest data from the World Bank, the American economy accounts for 24.3% of the world economy, $ 18 trillion. China is in second place, its share - 14.8% or 11 trillion dollars of the global economy. Japan is in third place with 6% of the world economy - that's $ 4.4 trillion.
largest economies in the world
If we take the continents, Asia has the largest share - 33.84% of world GDP. North America produces 27.95% of world GDP and Europe 21.37%. These three continents together generate 83.16% of world GDP.
all by country
The fastest growing economy is China
In the future, the United States will leave the first place in terms of growth. In 2016, the Chinese economy grew by 6.7%, while the American economy grew by only 1.6%. China also overtook India, which grew the fastest in 2015 (up 6.6% in 2016).
Brazil is the only one of ten countries whose economy has fallen by 3.5% in comparison with 2015.
The most powerful economies by 2050
PWC predicts technological breakthrough by 2050 world economy will double. China will become the largest, followed by India. USA will fall to 3rd place. France will leave the TOP 10 and Britain will take 10th place. Italy will not even make it into the top 20. Mexico's economy could grow larger than that of Great Britain or Germany, and developing countries, which in terms of growth rates outstripped developed ones, could become six of the seven largest economies in the world.
The largest economies in the world in 2050
This post is a compilation of some of the world's most powerful economies - a follow-up to a small Facebook discussion. We needed accurate comparative data on the development of economies in countries for a number of positions. The most characteristic position, in my opinion, is GDP per capita. More precisely GDP (gross domestic product) per capita in purchasing power parity (PPP). It is this indicator that is the most accurate characteristic that determines the level economic development as well as economic growth.
Latest data collected on Wikipedia laid out in tables, « when analyzing which it should be taken into account that countries use different so-called systems of national accounts. Thus, the USA, Canada, Ukraine and 28 EU countries submitted their data for 2014 in accordance with the new 2008 SNA, other countries, like Russia, are still according to the 1993 SNA, and even then not in full measure: without taking into account the conditional housing rent and assessment natural resources... The main difference between the 2008 SNA is that it additionally takes into account intellectual property, derivatives financial instruments, R&D and armament costs. Thus, the addition of new accounting items leads to a significant increase in macroeconomic indicators(including GDP in PPP per capita), especially for countries with highly developed technologies. This can serve as a rationale for the additional emission of cash. "
Despite some differences in the tables, it can be noted that for the most part, the analytical data are practically similar, and the best indicators are not at all in such giants in product manufacturing and technology development as the USA, Japan, Germany, China, etc. According to this indicator ahead of the rest of the world Qatar, Luxembourg, Macau, Norway, Singapore, Switzerland, etc.
This material is collected according to a different criterion: simply by the total annual volume of the nominal Gross Domestic Product... Who has the most, who produced the most various products, that country has a higher position in the ranking. As simple as that.
Providing data on the economies of the countries of the World below, as a very visual representation of their power, I give a simple example in the form of a picture: countries with economies smaller than only one of the US states - California.
The rating of the strongest countries in the world is compiled according to the criterion of the volume of nominal GDP, it also takes into account the growing influence of the East on the economy of the planet. Russia in the top ten states has strengthened in ninth position.
1. USA
Gdp 15,094,025 US $ Capital Washington Population 313 232 044 people Year of foundation 1776 Territory 9,518,900 km2 (excluding dependent territories). US economy has been holding the lead for the last 100 years. Its components are the world's largest banking system and stock exchange, multinational corporations, highly productive agriculture and leadership in innovative and high-tech industries, in particular the computer and telecommunications industry (Apple, Microsoft). In 1732, Great Britain decided to close hat factories all over America - and obliged the colonists to buy expensive headdresses made in English manufactures. They say that such a diktat became one of the reasons for the American Revolution and the subsequent economic boom in the country.
At the moment, 139 of the world's 500 largest companies are headquartered in the United States, nearly double the number of any other country. About 60% of the planet's foreign exchange reserves are converted into US dollars and only 24% - in euros. The country has one of the most influential financial markets in the world.
In the field of information technology, the United States is unmatched. Thus, in the rating of the Business Week magazine, out of 100 companies in the IT field, 75 represent the United States, and in the first twenty - 17 "Americans", including Apple, Microsoft, IBM, Adobe and others.
According to statistics, during the American Football Championship, the average American spends 10 minutes a day discussing matches during office hours. The damage is more than $ 800 million.
The first skyscraper in the world appeared in 1885 in Chicago. For 2011, only 4 of the 25 most tall buildings planets are located in the USA
In the United States, the children of wealthy parents do not live on their money, but try to build their own careers themselves, relying only on their education and connections acquired during their studies.
Gdp US $ 7,298,147 Capital Beijing Population 1,347,374,752 people Year of foundation 1949 (PRC) Territory 9 596 960 km2 China at the beginning of the XXI century- a space and nuclear power, which by 2020, according to the plan of the Chinese Communist Party, should catch up with the United States in terms of total GDP. Exports provide 80% of the state foreign exchange earnings of the PRC. The country is leading in the production of more than a hundred types of products, of which the most advanced are automotive and textile. The Chinese economy is the fastest growing in the world; its consistent growth rate of about 10% over the past 30 years. The country is also the largest exporter and second largest importer of goods. China's GDP per capita is $ 7,544. According to the average estimates of experts, in 8-10 years the absolute figures of the PRC's GDP will catch up and, perhaps, surpass those of the United States.
Provinces in China's coastal regions tend to be more industrialized than those in the peripheral regions. By the way, the territories of Hong Kong and Macau are de facto independent and have a special status. You need a special permit to visit them.
The national currency is the yuan, which measures the value of the Chinese "people's money" RMB. The yuan exchange rate is set by the state, moreover, it cannot be purchased abroad. 1 euro costs about 8 yuan, 1 yuan is a little more than 5 rubles. The Starbucks coffee chain in China is much better known and stronger in various respects than the fast food restaurant McDonalds.
The population of China in 2012 was more than 1.3 billion people. According to average estimates, it will stop growing by 2030, when it reaches 1.465 billion
Every year, China hosts exhibitions of achievements in the field of high technologies, the most famous of which is the Canton Fair in Guangzhou (CECF, Canton Fair). It is one of the most important events in the world of production and trade.
3. Japan
Gdp US $ 5,869,471 CapitalPopulation 126.4 million people Year of foundation 660 BC NS. Territory 377 944 km2 By GDP and industrial production Japan ranks third after the United States and China. High technologies have been developed - electronics and robotics, as well as transport engineering, including automobiles, shipbuilding, and machine tools. The fishing fleet accounts for 15% of the world. Agriculture is subsidized by the state, but 55% of food is imported. In the three decades since 1960, Japan has experienced rapid the economic growth, which was a consequence of the post-war "economic miracle". On average, its rates were 10% in the 1960s, 5% in the 1970s and 4% in the 1980s.
Japan has a high degree of economic freedom: the government works closely with the manufacturer to stimulate its development. The main focus is on science and high technology. All this, as well as strict labor discipline, contribute to the recovery of the Japanese economy.
A distinctive feature of the country is "keiretsu" - associations of manufacturers, suppliers, distributors around powerful banks, as well as a relatively weak international competition in domestic markets. In addition, there are many more social than production agreements: for example, a guarantee of life-long employment in large companies.
The country's three main banks - Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group (MUFG), Mizuho and Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group (SMFG) - are now overflowing with deposits.
Japan is the world's "capital of robots". In terms of the number of industrial robots used, it even surpasses the United States.
MUFG alone has 129 trillion yen ($ 1.6 trillion) in deposits and is the second largest bank in the world. The problem is that the MUFG does not yet know how to dispose of this money.
4. Germany
Gdp US $ 3,577,031 Capital Berlin Population 81 751 600 people Year of foundation 1990 Territory 357,021 km2 German economy- the largest in Europe. The engine of foreign trade is industry, which accounts for a large share of GDP. Agriculture and energy are also developed: the country is confidently leading in the production of wind and solar generators, information and biotechnology. Germany is the second largest exporter in the world: a third of national production goes abroad. Germany has the leading economy in the European Union and is the main creditor for most European states, including the crisis-ridden Greece. Most of the country's production is related to technology: cars and equipment. The chemical industry is also widely developed. The largest German companies operating in these industries have branches, research centers and production facilities all over the world.
Among them are the famous automobile concerns Volkswagen, BMW, Daimler, chemical ones - Bayer, BASF, Henkel Group, Siemens conglomerate, energy companies E.ON and RWE or the Bosch group. Cities such as Hannover, Frankfurt and Berlin host the largest annual international exhibitions and congresses.
Germany is a leading manufacturer of wind turbines and a major developer of solar energy technologies in the world.
At the end of the 19th century, Great Britain, in an attempt to protect its market from second-rate imports, obliged to label German goods with the inscription "Made in Germany".
Now Germany is experiencing a real "boom" in the automotive industry. She owes this to her key market sales to China
However, after a couple of decades, the quality of goods from Germany has improved so much that this marking has become a sign of the highest standard.
5. France
Gdp US $ 2,776,324 Capital Paris Population 65 447 374 people Year of foundation 843 (Treaty of Verdun). Territory 674 685 km2 France by total economy occupies leading positions in the EU and is consistently among the top ten in the world. Leader in mechanical engineering, chemical and aerospace industries. In terms of agricultural production, it is ahead of Germany, and in terms of the export of agricultural products, it is ahead of the United States. The share of wines in exports is traditionally high. A major center for tourism: more than 75 million travelers visit France every year. The French economy is the fifth largest in the world and the second largest in Europe (after its main partner, Germany). The country entered the 2008-2009 recession later than anyone else and was able to exit earlier than most of its peers. From January to March 2011, France's GDP growth was faster than expected at 1%. One of the best indicators in Europe!
France is a nuclear power and one of the five permanent members of the UN Security Council, and it is also the most visited country in the world. Paris can be called the tourist capital of the planet, and the Eiffel Tower is the most popular tourist attraction on Earth. These facts automatically make France the champion of world tourism, which makes up a large share of the state budget revenues. By the way, the tip here is already included in your bill and amounts to 15% of the order amount.
It is the most famous wine country in the world. Wine was produced here even during the invasion of the Romans under the leadership of Julius Caesar. According to statistics, 72% of the French have a hard time understanding the numerous wine brands.
Champagne was first produced in France in the 17th century. The drink was immediately nicknamed "devilish" - it blew up the barrels in which it was stored
The legendary Bordeaux alone has more than 9000 varieties! The world's best liqueurs are also produced in France.
6. Brazil
Gdp US $ 2,476,908 Capital Brasilia Population 189 987 291 people Year of foundation 1822 Territory 8 514 877 km2 Brazil has the greatest economic potential among Latin American countries and manufactures a variety of products, from petroleum products, steel and consumer goods to computers, cars and aircraft. One of the main Brazilian exports is coffee. The country is also a leader in the production of sugar cane, from which ethanol is produced. Brazil runs one of the fastest growing economies in the world, with its GDP growing at an average of more than 5% per year. The country still retains a high level of social inequality, inherited by the state since the long colonization of Portugal. However, in recent years, it has declined.
The 1970s marked the beginning of the Brazilian "economic miracle". It was at this time that a successful national program was initiated to replace gasoline with more environmentally friendly and cheaper ethanol. Within its framework, the government also ordered the largest automobile concerns to assemble only those models that can run on ethanol.
Now more than a third of the GDP is provided by agriculture. The most important fact: Brazilians own 46% of the world market for Arabica - the best coffee. At the same time, this state is the most controversial in Latin America in terms of investments. Everything large companies are generally highly monopolized and governed by closed groups with government participation. The country has a number of customs bans on imports, which makes it difficult to buy household appliances.
You can get to Mount Corcovado, where the statue of Christ the Savior stands, by rail - a train with two carriages rushes up the jungle-entangled slopes
According to Forbes (2011), Brazil has the eighth largest number of billionaires in the world.
7.UK
Gdp US $ 2,417,570 Capital London Population e 62 698 362 people Year of foundation 1801Territory 243 809 km2 Main export items- mechanical engineering, industrial goods and chemicals. The industrial corporation British Petroleum, which ranks 2nd in Europe in the ranking of the largest, saves on imports of petroleum products and brings substantial profits. The UK is also the world's second largest exporter of white clay, from which porcelain is made. Many historians are inclined to believe that if Russia had passed the Great October Revolution, the country would have developed along the path of Great Britain. Britain today is one of the most globalized countries in the world. London, along with New York, is the world's largest financial center and has the largest GDP of any European city.
The pharmaceutical industry and oil production play an important role in the British economy - the country has about 250 billion pounds of oil and gas reserves in the North Sea. Britain carries out 10% of the world's exports of services - banking, insurance, brokerage, advisory, as well as in the field of computer programming. The country is currently ranked 4th in the world (and 1st in Europe) in the World Bank's Ease of Doing Business Index.
The United Kingdom's NHS is the third largest employer in the world after the Chinese Red Army and the Indian Railways.
According to the tradition established at the beginning of the twentieth century, the monarch's birthday is celebrated in Great Britain on one Saturday in June - regardless of the actual date
Despite the deep integration (including economic) of all the countries of the Kingdom, you will be refused if you want to pay in Scottish pounds in stores in England, Wales or Northern Ireland. Most Britons don't even know what that money looks like!
8.Italy
Gdp US $ 2 198 730 Capital Rome Population 56 995 744 people Year of foundation 1946 Territory 301 340, with islands 309 547 km2. Italy is a global supplier household appliances, one of the leaders in the automotive industry and industrial equipment. Exporter of food products: cheese, pasta, wine, olive oil, canned fruits and vegetables, as well as ready-made clothing and leather shoes. At the same time, Italy has few natural resources and imports the majority of raw materials and more than 80% of energy. After World War II, Italy has come a long way of significant economic transformation: starting with a total lag, it has achieved a developed industrial economy. The per capita income was three times less than in the same period in the United States. Almost half of the country (42.2%) was engaged in agriculture. At the moment, according to the IMF and the World Bank, Italy's economy is the eighth in the world and the fourth in Europe in terms of nominal GDP, as well as the tenth in the world and the fifth in Europe in terms of PPP GDP.
Italy is heavily oriented towards foreign trade. Many of her food products are known all over the world. So, legendary Italian wines, cheeses, pizza are exported. Almost all products are marked with a special brand DOC (Denominazione di origine controllata), which is a designation of the highest quality - this helps foreign consumers to “weed out” simply similar products (for example, the German Gambozola cheese is an imitation of the Italian Gorgonzola).
The Italian fashion houses Versace, Gucci, Prada, Cavalli, Dolce & Gabbana, Armani and others are widely known.
The status of the most expensive car was acquired by the 1962 Ferrari 250 GTO Italian sports car, which was sold in 2012 for 35 million US dollars.
Motorists are familiar with the names of Italian car brands: Ferrari, Maserati and Lamborghini.
9.Russia
Gdp 1 850 401 US $ Capital Moscow. Population 143 030 106 people Year of foundation 862 (beginning of Russian statehood). Territory 17 098 246 km2. Russian economy characterizes a significant dependence on energy prices. According to the data Federal Service state statistics, 65.9% of Russia's exports are minerals. The remaining share includes metals and precious stones (16.3%), products chemical industry, cars and equipment. Russia is historically rich in intellectual resources. Unfortunately, most of them are realizing their potential in the West. For example, the founder of Max Factor was Maximilian Faktorovich, who opened his first store in Ryazan and emigrated in 1904. It is also worth remembering the founder of Google Sergey Brin and the engineer of the Daimler concern Boris Lutsky.
Thanks to the economic reforms of the 1990s, most industrial assets were privatized in Russia, with the exception of energy and defense enterprises. The main problem countries are heavily dependent on energy resources, in particular oil and gas. Stock market is also on its way to becoming and is regarded by many as speculative. By the way, since 2011 Moscow has the highest concentration of billionaires in the world.
According to the calculations of the consulting giant PricewaterhouseCoopers, by 2014 Russia will overtake Germany in terms of GDP and enter the top five countries.
Negotiations on Russia's accession to the WTO began in 1995, the very same accession will take place in September 2012
A large inflow of foreign investment and a new stage in the development of the economy, according to experts, should follow in the near future - they are associated with sports events of a global scale: the Sochi Olympics in 2014 and the 2018 FIFA World Cup.
10. India
The Taj Mahal monument-mausoleum is a symbol of King Shah Jahan's tender love for his beautiful wife, Mumtaz Mahal.
Gdp US $ 1,430,020. Capital New Delhi. Population 1 210 193 422 people Founded 1950 (complete independence from Great Britain). Territory 3 287 590 km2. India Economy covers all sectors: from agricultural production to industry. 67% of the working-age population is directly dependent on Agriculture, which is one third of GDP. India is the largest exporter of tea and has the world's largest livestock of large cattle... At the same time, the defense, nuclear and space industries are highly developed.In the 17th century, India was the richest country in the world - before the arrival of colonialists from Great Britain. The Dutch, Danes, French, Portuguese and other peoples fought for trade privileges here. The country is home to algebra, trigonometry and chess. Now India is a vibrant and diverse state, its economy is increasingly integrating with the world.
The economic reforms carried out in the country since 1990 have far-reaching consequences. General Electric Capital considers this country unique, PepsiCo finds it the fastest growing, and Motorola is confident that India is becoming one of the world's leading powers. Currently, the state is dynamically ascending to the position of the world leader in the IT sector.
One of the main advantages of India is high qualifications and relatively low labor costs, which are actively used by transnational corporations. Now, in terms of GDP in terms of purchasing power parity, India has reached the 4th place in the world, and in 2050 its volume will catch up with the American one.
Despite rapid economic growth, India continues to face problems of social inequality and high level unemployment.
Text Dmitry Zolotavin, financial consultant of A-Club in Tyumen, Alfa-Bank
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