What is the socio-economic development of the municipality. Complex socio-economic development of the municipality. ? Evaluation of employment and unemployment, resettlement in the territory of the municipality and the achieved standard of living of us

Nesterova I.A. Socio-economic development municipal Education // Encyclopedia Nesterkova

Each municipality is a living organism that should develop and socially and economically. Therefore, the state is strongly concerned about the problem of socio-economic development of municipalities. Problems in this area are solved, but slowly. There is not enough responsibility to civil servants and strictness to the state.

Legal regulation by the socio-economic development of the municipality

Before talking about the basics of legal regulation of the socio-economic development of the regions, the definition of the term should be given. " socio-economic development".

Golovanova Svetlana Petrovna leads the following interpretation, with which it is impossible to disagree:

Socio-economic development - This is a process that needs to be predicted, plan, regulate, control, i.e. it is necessary to develop a program of socio-economic development, to ensure and monitor its implementation.

Socio-economic development of regions regulated by federal law "On general principles Organizations local governments In the Russian Federation "from 06.10.2003 N 131-FZ and Federal Law No. 172-FZ" On Strategic Planning in the Russian Federation ", aimed at introducing into the state and municipal management of the principles of strategic planning. In addition, the socio-economic development of the region is regulated by various provisions, Decrees I. government programs. The key document is the Federal Law No. 172 - FZ. It consolidates the powers of public authorities in the field of strategic planning. In addition, the law entered into force:

1. legislative principles of the organization of the strategic planning system,
2. specified the tasks in the area of \u200b\u200bstrategic development of territories.

Programs of the socio-economic development of the region

The mechanism for implementing the tasks of the socio-economic development of Russia is the federal, regional and municipal target programs. Municipal target program It is linked to resources, contractors and deadlines for the implementation of a complex of socio-economic, organizational and other activities that ensure an effective solution to the objectives in the field of economic, environmental, social, cultural and other development of territories. Municipal target programs May be current and promising and enter into compound parts into relevant plans.

The purpose of the municipal target program of socio-economic development - Solving key socio-economic problems of the territory in the framework of the current or promising plan.

Key sections of any target program of socio-economic development

All socio-economic programs are implemented through the mechanisms of formulated and enshrined in legislation. The program of socio-economic development of the region includes a strictly regulated system of mechanisms. The key component of the program implementation mechanism is the definition of possible sources and ways to finance events.

When implementing municipal targeted programs, it can be used:

• means of higher budgets;
• local budget;
• own sources of financing the applicant of the project;
• means of the Russian Development Bank, Russian Credit Institutions, attracted under the guarantees of the Government of the Russian Federation, as well as under guarantees the budget of the subject of the Russian Federation and the local budget.

System planning of the socio-economic development of the municipality

The system of planning the socio-economic development of the municipality is not uniform. It consists of three important components that form its level of efficiency.

The planning system of the integrated socio-economic development of the municipality

Consider each element of the system separately. You need to start with forecasting.

Forecasting.

In a forecast, it is important to formulate the main objectives and objectives of the municipality for the planned period and the ways to achieve them, the development of the development of the development and budget of the municipality should be carried out together. For most municipalities, especially those who have a monostructural nature of the economy, predictions and plans for the development of city-forming enterprises should be based on the forecast.

The forecast indicators of the development of city-forming enterprises and the forms of their participation in the development of the territory should be the subject of joint detailed consideration and coordination between the administration of the municipality and leaders of enterprises.

Current planning.

Current planning and forecasting in the municipality is carried out for the next year, disaggregated by the quarters. Based on the forecast of the socio-economic development of the territory and the budget designs arising from it, the administration is developing a comprehensive annual plan for the socio-economic development of the territory. It establishes specific tasks and indicators for all spheres of municipal activities, housing and communal services, transport, communications, public relations, health care.

Strategic planning.

Strategic planning is aimed at studying the potential of the program and the expected results.

A comprehensive plan for the socio-economic development of the territory and targeted programs to it are made by the Head of Administration for consideration by the representative body of local self-government together with the budget.

The implementation of plans for the socio-economic development of municipalities, as well as individual targeted programs requires investment.

The municipality is interested in attracting investments on its territory. In addition to solving the specific tasks of each investment project, investments ensure the employment of the population and replenishment of the local budget. The activities of local self-government bodies on attracting and most efficient use funds invested in the territory of the municipality make up the essence of the municipal investment Policy.

The objective prerequisites include real economic and geographical and other factors associated with the location of the territory. They constitute the investment potential of this area and may be of interest to investors. The subjective factors of this kind include the activities of the municipal authority to disclose this potential and attract investment on their territory.

Literature

1. Golovanova Svetlana Petrovna, Borish Ekaterina Olegovna Regulatory and legal foundations of the integrated socio-economic development of the municipality // Journal Politics, Economics and Innovation, 2017
2. Federal Law No. 112-FZ "On Strategic Planning in the Russian Federation"
3. IVANKOV V.I., Kvashnin A. V., Psarev V. I., Psareva T.V. Formation of integrated programs of the socio-economic development of municipalities. / Immediate T. V. Psareva. - Novosibirsk, 2005

Socio-economic development of the municipal district

Questions socio - economic development of municipalities In modern conditions, they play an important role, and their solution requires an efficient and rational approach, which is determined by the need to improve, not only the management system, but also the economic model of the development of the territories of municipalities.

Over the past few years, it is possible to notice the tendency to increase the level of legal independence of municipalities, which is determined by the reforms of local self-government in Russia. However, the socio-economic problems with which local governments have been faced with recently, it is not always easy to solve only at the level of local authorities. The development of the regulatory framework for the regulation and development programs of municipalities should bring a practical effect, expressed in increasing the social and economic development of the territory. Only in this case, the positive effect of activities and the interaction of local governments with the superior executive authorities will be achieved.

What is the essence of the socio-economic development of municipality?

In the conditions of variability and uncertainty of the development of the country's economy, there is a need to search for new decisions to maintain a balanced development of the territorial units of the Russian Federation. At the same time, due to the lack of funding, the growth of municipal debts, the outflow of investments is more violated by the sustainability of municipalities. Based on this, the authorities of municipalities are trying to develop new economic development models that are often only rewritten programs for improving the socio-economic positions of the municipality.

The development of the economic sphere of the municipality is the basis for the development of the state economy. The economic sphere of the municipal education is designed to ensure the social stability of citizens of the Russian Federation.

On the territory of the Russian Federation allocated various types of municipalities Education, which includes urban settlements, rural settlements, municipal districts, city districts, Intorodsky territories of the cities of federal significance. The allocation of types of municipalities is due to the specifics of their placement, settlement and destination. As a rule, the allocation of municipalities is due to the presence of joint interests of the population living on its territory. The territory of municipalities is primarily characterized by geographic and economic factors affecting the organization of municipalities. Features of the geographical organization of municipalities The geographical organization of municipalities is under the influence of many variety of factors. The joint interests of the population of the municipality are formed under the influence of the size of the territory and natural conditions. For example, a huge area on the territory of the subject of the Russian Federation can take several hundred kilometers, but at the same time only a few settlements can be located on its territory, the distances between which are so large that they do not allow the joint interests of the population of these settlements. At the same time, compactly located settlements can be closely related to each other, which causes the availability of joint interests. In this regard, when organizing municipalities, from a geographical point of view, such factors are taken into account as the territorial proximity of settlements, the availability of sharing the resources provided by this territory.

The economic development of the municipality is largely determined by the trends and patterns of the public sector development, namely, those financial resources that come from it. As a result, the interests of society are being implemented, which in turn strengthens the socio-political unity of the state.

The system of bodies of the municipal government in municipalities involves the organization:

- first, the authority of the municipal office of representative appointment, intended for the implementation of legislative activities in the territory of the municipality and the implementation of the control function in relation to the executive

- secondly, the authority of the municipal office of the executive and administrative appointment, intended for the immediate implementation of the process of municipal administration in the territory of the municipality;

- Third, an official leading the municipality. In accordance with the content of the charter of the municipality, this official may lead one of the branches of power, that is, either at the head of the representative body of the municipal administration, or in the head of the administration of the municipality;

- Fourth, the verification authority, the purpose of which is to control the financial side of the municipal government.

Approaches to the essence of the socio-economic development of the municipal district

As noted by A.N. Kozyrin, assessment of the economic sphere of the municipal formation is an activity aimed at using a special toolkit for a comprehensive study of the state, phenomena and processes occurring in the economy of the municipality and the formation of proposals on this basis for economic entities on the maintenance of economic activities in this area.

In theory, there are three campaigns to the content and determination of the essence " socio - economic development of the territory». First approach It is that under the comprehensive socio-economic development of the territory, the most efficient use of available resources to ensure the harmonious and stable development of the economy and social sphere municipality.

Voroshilova E.A. under comprehensive socio-economic development The municipality implies a managed, effective and rational process of changes in various areas of life, which is aimed at achieving a certain level of development of social and economic spheres in the territory of the municipality.

Second approach It is that the municipal development of the territory is considered within its sustainable development. Sustainable development of the municipality is such a process of sustainable formation. economic base The municipality in which harmony with the environment is achieved and the interests and needs of future generations are taken into account.

In the third approach The socio-economic development of the municipality is considered as an activity or process approach to the municipal government, while at the municipal level there are changes in all spheres of human life, and the quality of his life increases.

Socio-economic development Municipal education, as noted by Z.I. Zakirova, this is an indicator characterizing the economic situation, growth factors, the development of the region in various directions. This area includes culture, production, education, standard of living of the population, etc.

Legal regulation of the socio-economic development of the municipality

The socio-economic development of municipalities is based on the following legislative field: Federal Law No. 131 of 06.10.2003 (as amended from 06.02.2019) "On the general principles of organizing local governments in the Russian Federation"; Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 607 of April 28, 2008 "On an assessment of the effectiveness of the activities of local governments of urban districts and municipal districts"; Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 601 dated 07.05.2012, "On the main directions of improving the public administration system"; as well as on the FTP "Sustainable Development of Rural Territories for 2014-2017 and for the period up to 2020", approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 598 of July 15, 2013

Development of the economy of this or that territory directly depends on investment activities. Investments are sent to the restoration of infrastructure, its development. Production facilities, scientific and technical level, expansion of territories - it all depends on the number of investments. This is part of an economic policy that can be implemented at different levels: municipal, regional or federal. Private investments also affect investors can pursue certain goals or perform any specific tasks. The general rules of investment activity are controlled by local government bodies. Municipal activities are not legally enshrined, opinions on its influence and importance are quite extensive.

The activities of local self-government bodies to attract and the most efficient use of investments in the territory of the municipality make up the essence of the municipal investment policy.

Criteria for assessing the socio-economic development of municipality

The socio-economic development of the municipality includes a study of the internal environment, namely the analysis of the characteristics of resources, abilities and identifying the strengths and weaknesses of the municipality.

In the criteria for evaluating the processes of socio-economic development included Several parameters. First, it is an increase in production volumes (agriculture, industry, enterprise production). Secondly, this is the level of local population involvement in production processes. Here the level of local population involves in the economy of a specific territory is estimated. Thirdly, it is raising the standard of living (salary, benefits, benefits and pensions with reference to average data over past periods). Fourth, these are indicators of land rational use (determining the relationship between free and occupied lands).

The main task of applying statistical research methods is to determine the growth of socio-economic processes, which makes it possible to judge the growing levels of the economy and well-being of the population. Concerning threshold valueswhich are taken to study, they must be defined as indicators under which the development of socio-economic processes in the framework of a certain territory is stopped or inhibited.

There is another method of studying the socio-economic development of the territory. If the program of socio-economic development is adopted at the level of the region or district, it may be envisaged planned indicators. This assessment method implies a collection of statistical data (private indicators) and their comparison with scheduled indicators. Even with the use of a consolidated integral indicator, it is impossible to give a complete assessment of the processes of socio-economic development, because the planned indicators are laid taking into account the specifics of the area on the basis of primary statistical data. If you change at least one particular indicator from the planned value, you can only judge the growth or fall in a particular sphere. At the same time, it is not necessary to judge the start of crisis phenomena when the planned values \u200b\u200bare not attached.

Any activity carried out in the municipal management is aimed at improving the vital activity of the population, so it is necessary to be able to evaluate the effectiveness of solutions of local importance. The overall effectiveness of municipal management is difficult to evaluate any one indicator. It is necessary to understand that effectiveness is determined by the interaction of various factors: human, natural, socio-economic, environmental and others that affect the adoption of management decisions.

Social efficiency as the main criterion for the socio-economic development of the municipality

Despite the complexity of the assessment of the municipal department, generalizing indicator It is worth allocating social efficiency, because the main activity of the municipality is to improve the quality of life of the population living in this territory.

Social efficacy is an indicator that reflects the standard of living of the population. The main meter of social efficiency is the dynamics of the level and quality of life of the population.

Social efficacy is determined by the following factors:

- ensuring the population of the proper life level;

- implementation and development of individual population capabilities;

- dynamics of the level and quality of life of the population;

- the attitude of people to the vital activity of the city;

- Solidarity of the population with leadership activities.

In this wayAt the moment, in front of local governments, it is an important task of adapting to new developing conditions, and to achieve the intended development objectives at the federal level, it is necessary in the near future to provide the development or adjustment of strategic and current planning documents.

Socio-economic development of the municipality

Zimin Vyacheslav Aleksandrovich,

dr. Political and Candidate of Economic Sciences, Professor of the Department of State and Municipal Administration of the Samara State University,

Kondratyev Dmitry Aleksandrovich,

camerator of Samara State University.

In the socio-economic policy, which is carried out by Russian state authorities, the most important goal is the development of municipalities. At the moment, work is actively working in the field of the development of the institutional framework for regulating the system of local self-government and regulatory and legal support of the functioning of municipalities.

In 2014, in the Samara region, it was determined with the scheme of elections of the heads of municipalities and local administrations. The contracting system for the appointment of executive authorities came to replace the direct election. Now is the next stage of reforming municipal self-government, which concerns the restructuring of local authorities. Under the development at the municipal level, we understand the increase in the effectiveness of the municipality, which is aimed at achieving the main goal of the municipality - this is an improvement in the level and quality of life of the population.

In this article, we consider the theoretical and practical aspects of the management of the socio-economic development of the Klyavlinsky district of the Samara region. This municipal district is located in the northeastern part of the Samara region and borders with the Leninogorsk district of the Republic of Tatarstan, in the south - with the Kamyshalsky district of the Samara region, in the West - with Isaklin and Shaninsky districts, in the East - with the Northern District of the Orenburg region. The total area of \u200b\u200bthe municipal district is 125,555 hectares. The remoteness of the borders of the area from north to south is 35 kilometers from west to east 38 kilometers. The area includes 11 rural settlements in which 51 settlements are combined. The population in 2014 amounted to 15,736 people. Well developed road network. The district center and most villages of the district are associated roads with solid asphalt concrete coating. Railway communication in the Klyavlinsky district allows passenger transportation in different cities of Russia, and that is important for industrial production, reception and sending heavily goods. In addition, the Klyavlinsky district is provided with direct access to the Federal Automobile Road Moscow - Chelyabinsk.

Socio-economic processes are very diverse. They are different as content, so in terms and rates of flow, in their consequences.

From the point of view of the form, socio-economic processes can be divided into:

a) non-directional, stagnant. They may be random (mobilization or demobilization of social forces) and cyclic, repeating or evenly or with acceleration, or with a slowdown (social production);

b) directed, irreversible (progress, regression). These changes may have a single-line (stadial development), multilinear (the presence of several alternative trajectories of the passage of the same stages) and non-linear character (stepwise reflection of ascending and downward lines).

From the position of perception and reflection in the consciousness of people, socio-economic processes can be divided into:

Boomerangi processes that people can recognize, perceive their current and hope for their specific effect, but the consequences of these processes are poorly predictable;

Latent, unrecognizable, invaluable as negative or positive;

Recognized, predictable, explicit.

Sustainable socio-economic development of the municipality, as well as the solution of social problems of the population, is the condition for the preservation of rural settlements. Especially important attention in the management of local territories should be given to the development of the social sphere. It is the basis for the formation of conditions for the reproduction of the population, based on the satisfaction of the needs of its inhabitants.

In the absence of social landmarks, emphasis on the market mechanism is given to the degradation of human potential and will slow down economic development as a whole.

The municipal administration, as a rule, does not have sufficient powers and opportunities to solve important issues of socio-economic development. This is an inflexible management structure and insufficient training personnel, a big loading of current issues. For the development of rural areas, it is necessary to create favorable conditions for the life and work of young people. The solution of a housing problem, in our opinion, is the most important thing to consolidate young people in rural areas.

The socio-economic development of the municipality should be comprehensive. Municipal education to implement its strategy should be focused on their own resources. Thanks to them, it will be possible to develop and implement programs that ensure the influx of financial resources for the implementation of social projects in the territory of the municipal district.

Problems of effective management of the socio-economic development of municipal education are solved by implementing a number of areas: the development of the economy; Formation of social infrastructure; Natural population population; Migration movement.

The entire territory of the municipal district of Klyavlinsky refers to the pre-ral province and occupies a part of the forest-steppe of the high voltage. In the southwestern part of the Klyavlinsky district there are unique sulfuric springs: Starlanekinsky and Mikhailovsky, which are nature monuments, in addition, in the north-western part, in the territory of a thousand hectares, there is a specially protected Boriskin-Igarian reserve. In the territory of the Klyavlinsky district, oil production is maintained and used for the manufacture of building materials: plaster, clay, sand, butt stone.

Klyavlinsky district is a district primarily by producers of agricultural products, as well as railway workers, oilmen, builders. The population of the district is multinational. A third of the inhabitants are Russian, almost two thirds - Mordva, Chuvashi and Tatars, as well as Armenians, Jews, Germans, Altai, etc. The municipal district of the Klyavlinsky Samara region is a cross-protected agricultural area with a diversified structure of the economy. One hundred forty-five organizations were registered on its territory, including two-extraction mineral mining, twenty-one - processing production, four - for the production of gas, water, electricity, thirty-six enterprises in the field of agriculture, forestry and hunting. Thirty-nine small businesses are functioning in the area with the number of four hundred seventy-three people. The area has a high level of investment attractiveness.

The area is carried out by the target program for the development of crop production and animal husbandry. The agricultural sector is represented by twenty three farms: two collective farms, five limited liability companies and eleven peasant (farmer) farms. The total area of \u200b\u200bthe land busy in agriculture is eighty-one thousand hectares, of which Pashnya is fifty-nine thousand hectares. The square of feed land is four thousand five hundred hectares. In the total gross agricultural production, 47.8% - animal husbandry, 52.2% is crop production. Recently, personal subsidiary farms and peasant (farmer) farms make a noticeable contribution to an increase in the gross production of agriculture. In the village, the new pines of the Klyavlinsky district successfully develops a trout economy. In fig. 1 depicts the dynamics of the growth of the index of the physical volume of agricultural products in all categories of farms of the Klyavlinsky district in current prices For 2012-2014.

The sphere of industry of the Klyavlinsky district includes oil refining, refinery, oil-producing, food, construction. Currently, the area is operating: "Repair and Technical Enterprise", Klyavlinskaya Typography, "Building Plant", Oil Refreading Plant, Oil Poppering Station "Elizabetinka", Ulyanovsk Branch of the Kuibyshev Railway, "Feed", Building Company ABS COMPANY, Municipal enterprise of housing and communal services, municipal enterprise "Service" on repair and maintenance housing Fund, Interregional networking company and the Middle Allolia Network Company, Klyavlin Road-Operational Management, Klyavlinsky Interdistrict Office of the Gas Economic Department, Motor Transportation Enterprise for the Bus Service, the shop for the manufacture of oil filters.

In solving housing problems of swirls, providing programs for affordable housing are being implemented. In 2014, 66 families received individual apartments and more than 300 - significantly improved living conditions.

Given the important role of small and medium-sized businesses in the development of the economy, in the area it is paid great importance to issues and support of entrepreneurship, creating optimal conditions for its improvement, as well as a solution to socio-economic problems, in. including employment of the population and the creation of new jobs. The Municipal Fund for Entrepreneurship Support "Development" is successfully operating.

In the area there is a central district hospital. As part of the implementation of the target program in 2014, the reconstruction of the CRH building was reconstructed. The working conditions of medical workers are improved and conditions have been created for a comfortable stay of patients. The Ministry of Health of the Samara Region was allocated more than 35 million rubles to update medical equipment and tools. The expensive equipment is established - X-ray diagnostic complex, modern digital fluorographic apparatus, endoscopic and ultrasound devices. The infection department is fully repaired under the health upgrade program. In addition to the CRH, over the past three years, Feldsher-obstetric items in the villages of Old Pines and Kleavlino were built.

The municipal area of \u200b\u200bKlyavlinsky is part of the Northeast Educational District. There are five school districts in the area with basic schools as legal entities that combine 11 small schools that are their branches (5 main and 6 initial), in which 1692 student are trained. In addition, in the education system - 2 kindergartens and 3 branches, 10 pre-school units of schools, the establishment of the ICDO "Prometheus".

Social development of the village of district center in the area is paid to special attention. The expenses of the district budget for solving the issues of local significance have always had a social orientation.

The Office of Social Protection of the population and the GBUS "Center for Social Services of Citizens of Elderly and Disabled" provides social assistance and services to various groups of the population in need of support. An individual service consists 711 pensioners and disabled people. In the division of day stay, a diverse creative, leisure, wellness and psychological activity is carried out. In a difficult life situation, people comes to the rescue of the Pension Mercy for war veterans and labor in the village of a black key for 40 people. Help in solving life conflicts have a social shelter for children and adolescents "Hope" in the village of Nazarovka for 16 seats and a rehabilitation center for children and adolescents with disabilities in the village of Russoapkin to 20 seats.

Cultural and youth policy in the area is implementing the "Inter-Selendic Center for Culture, Youth Policy and Sports", which includes a district house of culture, 25 rural houses of culture and clubs, 2 folk amateur teams, Central District Library and 22 of its branch, district Museum of History And local history, the house of youth organizations.

The area has 16 sports halls, 1 pool, 2 gym. As for children and adults, the conditions for physical culture and sports are created. At their disposal, a sports complex with a tennis court, wellness saunas, sports halls in the center of additional education "Prometheus" and school No. 2 named after V. Maskin, swimming pool, an open stadium with a treadmill.

Local governments regulate the activities of the municipal farm in the interests of the municipality and its inhabitants. Accepted B. last years At the state level, attempts to strengthen local self-government are reduced to clear and specific goals that coincide with the objectives of the municipality to replace the survival philosophy of development in local communities and their management philosophy of development philosophy due to the totality of local, regional and state factors. The activities of local self-government significantly affects the welfare of the population of the Klyavlinsky district. However, for the period 2013-2014. There is a decrease in the income level of the population. The data are shown in the table:

Table 1.

Money income and expenses of the population.

The name of indicators	unit of measurement	G OD
		2013	2014
Money incomes of the population - all	thousand roubles.	871 963	864 847
including:
Salary	thousand roubles.	365 238	456 650
Pensions, benefits and social assistance	thousand roubles.	506 725	408 197
Costs and savings - total	thousand roubles.	461 947	848 321
including:
- buying goods and payment of services	thousand roubles.	461 947	748 321
of them
Shopping	thousand roubles.	389 900	554 400
Payment for services	thousand roubles.	168 447	193 921
- growth savings in deposits and securities	thousand roubles.		100 000
Money income per capita
The average monthly accrued wages per busy in the economy	rub.	13 912,8	16 496,2

The most important factor in the development of local self-government, including all areas of the life of the local community of the district is the activities of the district administration as the executive body. The study of the provisions on the departments of the Klyavlinsky district administration made it possible to identify a number of shortcomings in organizing their activities.

First, there is no clear goal of departments. Objectives are not distinguished by strategic, operational, tactical, which leads to "erosion" of the main goal (mission) aimed at ensuring sustainable economic growth and on this basis to improve the quality of life of the population. Departments are mainly interested in the implementation of the goals and objectives of their units. Secondly, the structure of the administration of the Klyavlinsky district is a challenging area and management functions. This reduces the efficiency and flexibility of control, it makes it difficult to achieve a number of goals for the socio-economic development of the Klyavlinsky district.

Literature

1. Eleksandrov O. V. Monitoring the implementation of management on the results of the results of state authorities and local self-government // Questions of state and municipal management. 2012. No. 3. P. 135-146.

2.The head of the head of the municipal district of the Klyavlinsky Samara region. [Electronic resource]. URL: http://www.klvadm.ru/regulatory/14.12.2014.

3. Zimin V. A. Executive power in the Russian Federation. 2nd ed. extra. Samara, 2005.

4. Zimin V. A. Methods of making a decision on the location of the Invested Object // Russian Economic Internet Journal. 2013. № 4. P. 13.

5. Zimin V. A. Development of an investment project organizational plan (on the example of the production of ceramic bricks) // Russian Economic Internet Magazine. 2013. № 4. S. 12.

6.Zimin V. A. Investment attractiveness of the regions of the Russian Federation // Innovation and investment. 2013. № 5. P. 86-88.

7. Self-government / under total. ed. V. B. Zotov. Rostov-n / d. : Phoenix, 2010.

8.Shirokov A. Local self-government in a new political cycle: problems and development prospects // Municipal power. 2012. No. 6. P. 32-39.

Introduction

Chapter 1. The role and powers of local self-government in the socio-economic development of the municipality

1.1 Structure of local governments

1.2 Powers of local governments in the socio-economic development of the area

1.3 The concept and objectives of the socio-economic policy of local self-government

Chapter 2. Analysis of the socio-economic development of the Dobrovsky district

2.1 Modern state of social and economic development of the Dobrovsky district

2.2 Features of the Office of the Dobrovsky District

2.3 Formation and analysis of expenses and expenses of the Dobrovsky district

Chapter 3. Prospects and ways to improve the socio-economic development and management of municipal education on the example of the Dobrovsky district

3.1 Prospects for the Socio - Economic Development and Management of the Dobrovsky District

3.2 Improving the fundamentals of the management of the Municipal Education of the Dobrovsky District

3.3 Forecast of the Socio - Economic Development of the Dobrovsky District

Conclusion

Bibliography

Introduction

In modern conditions, the continuing transition of Russia to market relations is rethought by the essence of socio-economic development. In determining the strategic priorities for the development of the country as a whole and individual territories, an understanding of the need to focus on the needs of a person, his interests and opinions are coming. In this regard, the role of local self-government bodies in the process of socio-economic development increases. They require their active participation in managing this process as equal partners with state authorities.

The practical implementation of new approaches to management at the local level is complicated by a number of circumstances. In most municipalities, organizational and management capacity is not fully used, there are significant reserves of improving the efficiency of local development management. Many municipalities do not own strategic planning technologies. In existing plans and development programs, target landmarks often do not meet the real needs of the local population. Individual plans and development programs developed by local organizations do not contain a developed mechanism of implementation, which leads to contradictions in the system of goals and insufficient resources of the development management process. In a significant increase in the number of municipalities, reducing local taxes and fees and reducing the profitable part of local budgets, the problem of the effective use of their own development potential becomes particularly relevant. In this regard, local government bodies need tools for self-control of management efficiency, ensuring the development of municipal education.

The socio-economic development of the municipality is a managed process of qualitative change in social and economic spheres, without worsening the state ambient and leading to improving the living conditions of the population. As an integral indicator and the main goal of socio-economic development, an increase in the quality of life of the population is considered, while transformations in the economic sphere act as means of achieving this goal.

To address marked problems and improving the system and the management of local development, a comprehensive diagnosis of the main directions and the results of management activities are needed, which causes the relevance of the development of tools for assessing the quality and effectiveness of managing the socio-economic development of municipalities.

The problems of the development of municipalities began to attract the attention of researchers relatively recently. However, the relevance of this direction led to the formation of a fairly wide palette of approaches to understanding the essence of the development and instruments of its organization.

The goal of WRR is to develop ways to improve the socio-economic development and management of municipal education on the example of the Dobrovsky district.

The object is the administration of the Dobrovsky district.

The subject is socio-economic development and management of the municipal formation of the Dobrovsky District.

Analyze the role and powers of local self-government in the socio-economic development of the municipality;

Analyze the socio-economic development of the municipality;

Develop proposals for improving the socio-economic development and management of municipal education on the example of the Dobrovsky district.

The theoretical and methodological basis of the study was the provisions of the theories of domestic and foreign authors in the field of socio-economic and sustainable development.

The methodological basis was the historical and systematic approach, comparative analysis, methods of expert assessments, survey, interviews, direct quantitative assessment method, the ranking method.

Scientific novelty is to develop and substantiate recommendations on improving the management of the socio-economic development of the municipality.

The practical significance of the work is to study the methodological aspects of the management of the socio-economic development of municipalities and the development of the toolkit of the assessment of this process.

Chapter 1. The role and powers of local self-government in the socio-economic development of the municipality

1.1 Structure of local governments

Local self-government in the Russian Federation provides an independent decision to the population of local importance, possession, use and disposal of municipal property. It is carried out by citizens through referendum, elections, other forms of direct will, through elected and other local governments in urban, rural settlements and in other territories, taking into account historical and other local traditions. The structure of local governments is determined by the population independently. The change in the boundaries of the territories in which local self-government is carried out, taking into account the opinion of the population of the respective territories.

Local self-government authorities independently manage municipal property, form, approve and execute the local budget, establish local taxes and fees, carry out public order protection, and also solve other issues of local importance. Local self-government in the Russian Federation is guaranteed by law on judicial protection, to compensate for additional costs that have arisen as a result of decisions adopted by government bodies, ban on limiting local governments established by the Constitution of the Russian Federation and federal laws.

The structure of local governments is a representative body of the municipality, the head of the municipality, the local administration (the executive and administrative body of the municipality), the control body of the municipality, other bodies and elected officials of the local government provided for by the charter of the municipality and possess their own authority to address issues local value.

The charter of the municipality, which has the status of a rural settlement, may be provided for the formation of the executive and administrative body, headed by the head of the municipality, acting the authority of the chairman of the representative body of the municipal formation.

The procedure for the formation, powers, term of office, accountability, controlling the local governments, as well as other issues of the organization and activities of these bodies are determined by the charter of the municipality. The names of the representative body of the municipality, the head of the municipality, the local administration (the executive executive body of the municipality) are established by the law of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation, taking into account historical and other local traditions. Local governments are not included in the system of state authorities.

The structure of local governments in the event of an education in the interior territories of the newly educated municipality or in the case of transformation of an existing municipality is determined by the population at the local referendum (in the municipal education with the number of residents with election law, no more than 100 people - at the occasion of citizens) or the representative body Municipal education and enshrines in the charter of the municipality.

Conducting a local referendum or gathering of citizens on determining the structure of local governments of the newly educated municipal formation bodies of state authorities of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation in the presence of an appropriate initiative of residents of the newly educated municipality.

The authority of the election commission of the municipality may be imposed on the territorial election commission in accordance with the Federal Law of June 12, 2002 N 67-FZ "On the basic guarantees of electoral rights and the rights to participate in the referendum of citizens of the Russian Federation." The powers of the local administration on the material and technical support of the local referendum implements the executive body of the state power of the relevant subject of the Russian Federation. In the absence of initiatives of citizens about the local referendum, the structure of local governments is determined by the representative body of the newly educated municipality after its election.

In deciding on the structure of the local government bodies of the municipality, taken at the local referendum (citizens' approach), are established:

Structure (list) and names of local governments;

The procedure for the election and powers of the head of the municipality.

The change in the structure of local self-government bodies is not otherwise carried out by making changes to the charter of the municipality. The decision of the representative body of the municipal education on the change in the structure of local governments enters into force no earlier than the expiration of the term of office of the representative body of the municipality adopted the specified decision.

The charter of the municipality determines the eligibility of the meeting of the representative body of the municipality. The meeting of the representative body of the municipality cannot be considered eligible if less than 50 percent of the number of selected deputies is present.

The meetings of the representative body of the municipality are held at least once every three months.

The newly elected representative body of the municipality is going to the first meeting in the municipality established by the Charter of the municipality, which cannot exceed 30 days from the date of the election of the representative body of the municipality in the eligible composition.

The representative body of the settlement consists of deputies elected in the municipal elections. The representative body of the settlement is not formed if the number of residents of the settlement with election is less than 100 people. In this case, the authority of the representative body is carried out by the approach of citizens.

Representative body of the municipal district:

It may consist of the heads of settlements that are part of the municipal district, and from deputies of the representative bodies of these settlements elected by representative bodies of settlements from its composition in accordance with equal regardless of the population of the settlement of the representative office defined in the manner prescribed by this article;

It may be elected at municipal elections on the basis of universal equal and direct election law during a secret ballot. At the same time, the number of deputies elected from one settlement cannot exceed the two fifth of the established number of the representative body of the municipal district.

The established procedure for the formation of a representative body of the municipal district is enshrined in the charter of the municipal district within one month from the date of the beginning of the work of the relevant representative body of the municipal district, and can be changed not earlier than two years from the date of the beginning of the work of the formed representative body of the municipal district.

The number of deputies of the representative body of the settlement, including the urban district, is determined by the charter of the municipality and may not be less:

7 people - with a population of less than 1000 people;

10 people - with a population of 1000 to 10,000 people;

15 people - with a population of 10,000 to 30,000 people;

20 people - with population number from 30,000 to 100,000 people;

25 people - with population number from 100,000 to 500,000;

35 people - with a population of over 500,000 people.

The number of deputies of the representative body of the municipal district is determined by the charter of the municipal district and there can be no less than 15 people. The number of deputies of the representative body of the internal territory of the city of federal significance is determined by the charter of the municipality and there can be no less than 10 people. The representative body of the municipality has the rights of a legal entity. In the exclusive competence of the representative body of the municipality are:

1) adoption of the charter of the municipality and the introduction of changes and additions to it;

2) approval of the local budget and the report on its execution;

3) the establishment, change and cancellation of local taxes and fees in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation on taxes and fees;

4) adoption of plans and programs for the development of municipality, approval of reports on their execution;

5) Determining the order of management and disposal of property in municipal property, etc.

The head of the municipality is the highest official of the municipality and is endowed with the charter of the municipality in accordance with this article with its own powers to address local issues. The head of the municipality in accordance with the charter of the municipality:

1) is elected at the municipal elections or a representative body of the municipality from its composition;

2) in case of election in municipal elections, or is part of the representative body of the municipality with the right of a decisive voice and fulfills the powers of his chairman, or heads the local administration;

3) in the event of election by the representative body of the municipality, it is fulfilling the powers of his chairman;

4) cannot simultaneously perform the powers of the chairman of the representative body of the municipality and the powers of the head of the local administration.

The head of the municipality within the limits of authority:

1) represents a municipal education in relations with local self-government bodies of other municipalities, government bodies, citizens and organizations, without a power of attorney, is valid on behalf of the municipality;

2) signs and publishes in the manner established by the Charter of Municipal Education, regulatory legal acts adopted by the representative body of the municipality;

3) issues legal acts within their powers;

4) has the right to demand the convening of an extraordinary meeting of the representative body of the municipality.

The head of the municipality is controlled and accountable to the population and the representative body of the municipality. The powers of the head of the municipality are terminated early in the case of:

1) death;

2) resignation at their own accord;

3) deposits from office in accordance with Article 74 of this Federal Law;

4) recognition by the court incapable or limitedly capable;

5) recognition by the court is missingly missing or declaring the dead;

6) entry into account on the legitimate force of the court sentence;

7) departure outside the Russian Federation for permanent residence, etc.

The local administration (the executive and administrative body of the municipality) is endowed with the charter of the municipality to the authority to address local issues and powers for the implementation of individual government powers transferred to local authorities by federal laws and laws of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The local administration is headed by the head of the local administration on the principles of unity.

The head of the local administration is the head of the municipality or a person appointed to the position of head of the local administration under the contract concluded according to the results of the competition for the substitution of this position for the term of office, determined by the charter of the municipality.

The structure of the local administration is approved by the representative body of the municipality on the submission of the head of the local administration. The structure of the local administration may include sectoral (functional) and territorial bodies of the local administration.

The head of the local administration is not entitled to engage in entrepreneurial, as well as other paid activities, with the exception of teaching, scientific and other creative activities. At the same time, teaching, scientific and other creative activities cannot be financed exclusively at the expense of foreign countries, international and foreign organizations, foreign citizens and individuals without citizenship, unless otherwise provided by the International Treaty of the Russian Federation or the legislation of the Russian Federation.

The control body of the municipality (the Control and Counting Chamber, the Audit Commission and others) is formed in order to monitor the execution of the local budget, complying with the established procedure for the preparation and consideration of the local budget project, the report on its execution, as well as to monitor compliance with the established procedure for management and orders of property in municipal property. It is formed in municipal elections or a representative body of the municipality in accordance with the charter of the municipality.

The deputy, a member of the elected body of local self-government, the elected official of local self-government provides conditions for the unimpeded exercise of their powers. The term of office of a deputy, a member of the elected body of local self-government, the elected official of local self-government is established by the charter of the municipality and can not be less than two or more than five years.

The powers of the deputy, a member of the election body of local self-government begins from the date of its election and terminate from the date of the beginning of the work of the electoral authority of the local government of the new convocation.

1.2 Powers of local governments in the socio-economic development of the area

The activities of local authorities in the field of economics, given the limited resources, is to accelerate the necessary processes, and not in direct participation in the activities of individual enterprises. The process of forming a specific local economic policy is to prepare the strategy of economic development of the city and the concept of local economic policy.

The most important components of local economic policies are:

Structural;

Investment;

Entrepreneurial and financial policy.

Conducting local structural policies relies on the principles of focus, systematic, efficiency and optimality.

The main tasks of local governments to develop and implement structural policies include:

Identifying the most significant and expected structural disproportions in the economy of the city;

The formation of strategic installations for improving the structure of the city's economy;

The choice and substantiation of the effective directions of structural transformations of the city's economy;

Creation and ensuring the functioning of the organizational and economic mechanism of regulation and support of structural transformations in the city's economy.

The main areas of activity of local authorities during local social policy:

Definition and evaluation of the real quality of life of all social groups and layers of the population;

Forecast possible changes in the position of social groups and layers under the influence of economic and socio-psychological factors;

Development of the basic principles, goals and objectives of the formation and implementation of social policy;

Identifying general and specific problems of each of the social groups;

Finding sources of financing of events;

Development of projects, programs and other measures to solve social problems;

Study of the relationship of the population to the proposed projects and programs;

Adjustment of projects and programs taking into account public opinion;

Implementation of projects and programs, including monitoring the implementation.

The sequence (technology) of the development of local socio-economic policies includes:

The system of indicators characterizing the quality of life of the population forming the local community is determined.

The actual value of the quality of life of the local community is determined.

The level of quality of life of the local community is determined by a differential method and deviation of actual values \u200b\u200bfrom indicators adopted for the base (the values \u200b\u200bof social indicators achieved in the previous period, local, regional, state, international standards).

The causes of negative and positive deviations of the actual values \u200b\u200bof the quality of life of the local community from the indicators accepted beyond the database are revealed.

The reserves (possibilities) of improving the quality of life of the population due to the elimination of the revealed negative reasons and the use of positive factors are determined.

The possibilities of improving the quality of life of the local community at the expense of budget funds (local, federal, regional budgets) are determined.

The possibilities of improving the quality of life of the local community at the expense of extrabudgetary funds are determined.

The possibilities of improving the quality of life of the local community are detected due to attracted, borrowed funds.

The target values \u200b\u200bof the quality of life of the local community are established, taking into account all the real possibilities and restrictions.

The total amount of financial and materialsnecessary to achieve target values \u200b\u200bof the quality of life of the local community.

Conditions are formed, favorable to achieve target values \u200b\u200bof the quality of life of the local community. Legal (legislative), information, technical, personnel, socio-economic support, socio-psychological preparation of the practical implementation of the developed socio-economic policy is produced.

Readiness is checked for the implementation of the developed local socio-economic policy and decides on its practical implementation.

1.3 The concept and objectives of the socio-economic policy of local self-government

Municipal socio-economic policy is the most important component of local government systems. Local socio-economic policy is a mutually aggregate combination of social, economic, environmental goals and installations (landmarks), as well as how to achieve them, the development and practical implementation of which is carried out by the local community and self-government bodies. In the development and practical implementation of local socio-economic policies, it is necessary to apply a program-target approach that makes it possible to achieve the goals, the end results with the lowest costs, to overcome the departmental disabilities, combine interests.

The main and ultimate goal of the municipal socio-economic policy is to improve the quality of life of the population forming the local community, and an increase in its contribution to the development of the entire society.

The most important components of local socio-economic policies are social, economic, environmental, scientific and innovative and other local policies.

In the Municipal Social Policy, the main landmark is to improve the quality of life of the population forming the local community. This is primarily level, image and life expectancy of the population. The priority of local economic policy is the efficiency of local economy and an increase in the budget and extrabudgetary income on this basis necessary to solve local tasks related to improving the quality of life of the local community.

The specific composition and content of the goals of socio-economic policy depends on the needs of socio-economic transformations, accounting for objective economic laws, developing patterns, real capabilities and ways to achieve goals. When developing and practically implemented local socio-economic policies, it is also necessary to apply the principles of focus, efficiency, optimality and multivariates, systemics and complexity.

In a market economy and decentralization, local authorities hold independent economic policies aimed at supporting small businesses and attract new investments. Municipal economic policies can be considered as a complex of measures carried out by local authorities or with its participation aimed at expanding the economic potential of the territory and improving its use, strengthening the competitiveness of local enterprises. The ultimate goal of local economic policy is the increase in quality of life - ensuring effective employment and creating reliable tax base For the local budget, allowing to implement the necessary social programs. The main task of local economic policies is the creation of favorable conditions for the development of the economy.

The most important components of local economic policies in Western European countries are:

Local tax policy;

Investment policy;

Land use policy.

The process of formation of local policies is to prepare the scenarios of economic development. Each level is implemented by those functions that can be performed on it.

The main directions of economic policy:

Support novice small business. Assistance to the local business involves holding a modern policy of placement of production;

Attracting firms and external investments.;

Internal investment support;

Promoting innovation, distribution of advanced technologies and quality growth;

Marketization (market formation and market infrastructure);

There are several types of municipal economic policies that are classified on the impact object. Types of local economic policies are presented in Table 1.

Table 1.

Local Economic Policy Types

Capital	Mobilization of local capital, aims to interregional movement of capital, attracting investments, work with investors.
Work force	Maintaining local qualifying potential as a result of training, education and advanced training, aims to improve the quality of labor resources, reducing the risk of immigration of highly educated personnel.
Innovations	Improving local knowledge transfer, the creation of institutions that contribute to the emergence of innovations, stimulating their application in the economy
Technology	Improving intracity transmission of technological knowledge, the creation of technologies involved in technology development is aimed at creating a favorable innovation climate.
Communications	Development, strengthening and hardening of intra-civil inter-sectoral ties, their improvement will give impetus to economic development.
Economic environment	Use of local prerequisites for creating local economic environmentaims to create a favorable entrepreneurial climate, reliable infrastructure.
Enterprises of a certain size and phase of development	Creating conditions for the formation of new, promoting the development of available small and medium-sized enterprises. Creating concomitant industries for large enterprises defining the structure in the city.

The above types of local economic policies are not realized in its pure form. For each territory and the period of its economic development, a rational combination of certain types is searched for, which represents the task of forming a specific local economic policy.

Tools of municipal economic policies are discussed in Table 2.

Table 2.

Municipal Economic Policy Tools

Financial help	Benefits, grants, provision of loans, issuance of guarantees for loans
Tax and tariff policy	Reducing local taxes and delaying their payments, exemption from fees and reduce contributions, varying tax rates, special tax agreements
Infrastructure Policy	Expansion of infrastructure-related infrastructure preparation for industrial enterprises, cleaning abandoned territories, expansion of social and consumer infrastructure
Real estate policy	Purchase of land plots, sale to enterprises of municipal land plots, providing the right to long-term use, sale of land for the construction of housing employees of enterprises
Planning for organizing construction and issuance of construction permits	Allocation of production zones in the plans for use and building land plots, consideration of preliminary requests and applications for construction, accelerating the official procedure for design and issuing construction permits
Attraction of enterprises and consultations	Providing information on places for accommodation, direct advertising for individual enterprises, consulting and supervising local enterprises
Other events	Placing orders in local enterprises

The essence of local investment policy can be defined as a targeted and scientifically based activities of territorial self-government bodies to attract investment resources to solve the problems of socio-economic development of the territory. The content of the local investment policy is:

Identifying social and economic problems that have priority to the other areas of life activity;

Choosing and justifying the system of investment purposes, determining effective ways to implement them;

Development of integrated measures aimed at attracting funds sufficient to implement the intended goals;

Coordination in the necessary cases of investment policy with higher management bodies;

Creating a system for monitoring the implementation of the intended measures to attract and efficiently use investment resources.

Municipal financial policy is an integral part of socio-economic policies held by the local community and its self-government bodies in the interests of the population of the municipality. The essence of municipal financial policies can be determined as attracting and rational use of resources that make up the financial basis of local self-government, in the interests of the local community.

1. Definition of the list of urban projects, the implementation of which is of paramount importance for the local community;

2. Formation of a system of financial policies;

3. Development of a system aimed at creating the financial framework of local self-government;

4. Creating a mechanism for implementing the financial policy of support for urban investment projects.

The development of self-government involves the formation of the relevant social mechanism, which, along with the economic mechanism of society, is a regulator of social processes. The social sphere of society has its own laws of self-development. Social systems Focus on their specifics, but it is impossible to create a system of economic integrity, focusing only on its own interests.

Municipal social policy is a wide set of specific factors (civilizational features, national and cultural traditions that dominate religious and managerial canons, etc.). There are three main levels of social policy; differing in targets, functions, subjects and mechanisms of implementation. At the upper federal level, the regulatory framework is developed, basic laws are being taken and a system of relationships are formed between the actors of different levels. The budget is approved containing in its expenditure part of the central funding for social development areas, the lists of the population of the population are determined, the federal management subject is responsible for social protection and ensuring responsibility. At the regional social policy level, the tasks of ensuring the integrated, balanced development of the territory are decided and filled with specific content of certain provisions of federal decisions, their binding mechanisms are developed and regional issues. The local level is intended to significantly specify the methods, methods and mechanisms for achieving the goals defined within the framework of federal and regional social policies, to tie them to the peculiarities of certain municipalities, take into account the specifics of demographic, environmental, resource and other characteristics of the municipality. Local social policy should be a comprehensive, multilayer education, the rod of which is the requirements of the federal level. Regional requirements are superimposed on them, and the whole system at the local level is complemented by decisions and activities imposing additional requirements for the social management system.

Modern social policy should be constructed with the following circumstances:

Priority of the problems of social security of the population in the context of entering the market;

Increasing the role of personal labor deposit in meeting the material, socio-cultural and domestic needs of the population;

Formation of a new mechanism for substantiation and implementation of social policy.

The structure of local social policy should be clearly defined. If we take into account the need to direct the social policy to improve the quality of life of the population of the relevant territory, the structure of the local social policy is the following areas:

Policy of raising the standard of living of the population;

Health policy and duration of the period of active life of the population;

The policy of forming a healthy lifestyle of the population.

Chapter 2. Analysis socio - Economic Development of the Dobrovsky District

2.1Realous state of socio-economic development and management of the Dobrovsky district

Dobrovsky district is an administrative unit in the east of the Lipetsk region of Russia. The administrative center is good. Square - 1316 km² (on another estimate of 1350 km²). The main rivers - Voronezh and his influx.

On the territory of the Dobrovsky district 17 rural settlements:

· Bigheomtetsky - Big Homuts village

· Borisovskoye - Village Borisovka

· Vicheskoe - Volechye village

· Dobrovskoe - Dobly village

· Ekaterinovskoye - Village Yekaterinovka

· Zamartynovskoye - Zamartny village

· Calikinskoye - Calicino village

· Korenoevskoye - Corneen village

· Krivetskoy - Crivian village

· Krutovskoye - Cool village

· Makhonovskoye - Makhonovo village

· Paninsky - Panino village

· Powder - Sometimes

· Preobrazhenskoye - Village Transformation

· Putyitinskoye - Putyathino village

· Ratchinsky - Ratchino village

· Trubvetchinskoye - Tubbishchino village

Dobrovsky district - traditionally agricultural. Square farmland -76.6 thousand. The number of agricultural enterprises - 8, farms -39. Agricultural enterprises specialize in the production of grain, sugar beet, milk, breeding cattle, pigs. The area industry is represented by 12 enterprises that are engaged in the production of consumer goods and processing. There are 2 construction organizations in the area that perform contractual and subcontract works. 59 small enterprises were registered in the district, 378 individual entrepreneurs. The area has a sufficiently developed transport, communication potential developed by social infrastructure.

The administrative and cultural center of the district is with. Good, located on the banks of the Voronezh River 40 kilometers from Lipetsk. There are 2 secondary schools and 1 evening school, the structural division of Chaplygin Ptopa No. 35, a branch of the Lipetsk Regional Local Lore Museum, the District House of Culture, the Center for Additional Education of Children and Adolescents.

The largest settlements: s. Calikino - 3335 people, p. Pipe cutter - 2071 people. By January 1, 2007, 10891 apartments were gasified in the area, 289 of the socialcultuette facility, 882.63 km was laid. A gas pipeline, from 43 villages of the district in 40 villages carried out natural gas.

The security of phones is 24.2 bodies. devices per 100 residents of the area. All settlements of the district are fully television. 222 subscribers use the Internet services. There are 708.38 km in the district. Roads, of which are 302.38 km. - Roads of the regional level located on the balance sheet of road management, incl. With asphalt coating 252.78 km. The length of municipal roads is 326 km., Incl. With asphalt coating 128.2 km. In addition, 80 km. - Roads between municipal settlements.

The area reached stability and continues to confidently go ahead. In particular, a modern dairy complex for a thousand heads in Avangard LLC was built, more than 12 thousand were erected square meters Housing, installed 670 lamps in villages, including those through which the road from Lipetsk for Chaplygin. To the number of remarkable events of the past year, with full right, it is possible to attribute the opening of offices of general medical practice in the villages of steep and wolf, schools in Yekaterinovka.

Local self-government continues to be improved: the heads of rural settlements armed with the 131st federal law is done every possible way to ensure calm, normal life in the territories of their village councils. In the absolute majority of settlements, local government has proven its viability and independence in solving issues of improvement, communal support, "grown" and the budgets of settlements.

The essence of social policy, as well as in the field, is reduced to ensure that a person lives better and longer on the Dobrovskaya Earth. The consequence of such an approach was the increase in fertility: in 2007, 184 kids appeared in the area, or a little more than in the previous one. The life expectancy has increased, mortality has decreased.

However, despite the indisputable advances in socio-economic development, the area, alas, failed to leave the leaders and become self-sufficient. Not having a serious industrial production, and therefore, the possibilities of replenishing their own treasury, changes in the Dobrovsky Earth occur largely due to the budget to the regional. The volunteers themselves, according to the assessment of the Deputy Head of the Administration, Nikolai Tagintsev, are still weakly engaged in finding investors, replenishing their municipal budget. In the area, alas, the unemployment is high, and the salary, including in agricultural production, is lower than the regional level. Socially - economic indicators Presented in Table 3.

Table 3.

Socio - economic indicators of the Dobrovsky district

Indicator	Period
	2004	2005	Growth rate, %	2006	Growth rate, %
Natural decline	-345	-306	88.70%	-310	101.31%
Migration growth, decrease	15	-86	-573.33%	8	-9.30%
Per 1000 population total increases, decrease	-3.8	-9.9	260.53%	-7.8	78.79%
Total born	364	374	102.75%	350	93.58%
Just dead	709	680	95.91%	701	103.09%
Total marriages	191	169	88.48%	185	109.47%
Total divorces	133	145	109.02%	171	117.93%
City population, thousand people.	15.3	14.9	97.39%	15.1	101.34%
Rural population, thousand people.	10	8.9	89.00%	9.5	106.74%
Balance profit, loss	-16222	4632	-28.55%	3790	81.82%
Enterprises that have received profits to the total number of enterprises%	44.4	60.9	137.16%	55.1	90.48%
Enterprises that have received a loss to the total number of enterprises%	55.6	39.1	70.32%	40.6	103.84%
Overdue receivables	12260	54539	444.85%	59230	108.60%
The number of people employed in the economy,%	68	53	77.94%	59	111.32%
Average monthly salary	4500	5789	128.64%	6703	115.78%
Capital investments	680	730	107.35%	690	94.52%
Production of consumer goods	890	1067	119.89%	990	92.78%

For 2004 - 2006, the development of the industry industry is characterized by stable growth and positive change.

The industrial potential of the district is presented by nine minced enterprises, for 2004 - 2006. They produced products in the amount of 167.1 million rubles. At the end of the year of the year, almost all enterprises worked with profit more than a year4.8 million rubles and paid taxes to the budgets of all levels of 15.3 million rubles. The average monthly salary amounted to 6703 rubles for 2006.

There are other problems inherent in purely agricultural areas of the region. But unlike them, Dobrovsky has good prospects that are associated with the creation of a special economic zone of tourist-recreational type. Work on the implementation of this project is already underway. With its development, unemployment will decrease, the budget will be replenished, and therefore new opportunities for socio-economic growth will appear. And without prejudice to nature. And this means that in the future, the area will remain a pearl of the Lipetsk region, and his forests, meadows, the Voronezh River will become a place of rest not only by local residents and Lipchan, but also thousands of Russian citizens.

With the advanced rates of development worked: Dobrovsky Leschoz - 113%, OOO "Dobrovsky Barzavod" - 114.2%, LLC "Lipetkmäkmoprodukt" - 123.6%, LLC "Torphoprinity" - 114.4% and LLC "Arud" - 130% who set up the release of new products. (Data from 2004 to 2005).

The volume of manufactured products for "good" below the 2003 level of the year is only 5%, this is due to a decrease in the production of bilbo-bakery products - 98.1% for the same period. It should be noted that the recession of production in enterprises is associated with incomplete loading of production facilities, depreciation of the main production facilities, which, on average, this time range is 54%, and the renewal coefficient is only 6% for all industrial enterprises.

For 2004-2006 agricultural products were produced in the amount of 1469.1 million rubles. The use of intensive technologies allowed to obtain a high harvest. The grain yield in the original weight was 32.2 c / hectare per three years. In five farms, the yield of grain exceeded the medunternal level. Four farms were engaged in the cultivation of sugar beets, and in the region, 150.8 tons of root root were obtained.

A good harvest was obtained in CJSC APP "Kirovskoye" - 490c / ha, the "Zamartny" branch of CJSC SHP "Wet" - 446c / ha. On average, the yield in the area was 403 c / ha.

In the livestock industry realized livestock in slaughter 1524 tons. Milk produced - 21996 tons. The greatest increase in milk was provided by LLC Avangard -138% and CJSC AGP "Kirovskoye" - 104% on average for three years. The average milk supra from one cow in the area in agricultural enterprises is 3861 kg.

The development of animal husbandry, an increase in its productivity is unthinkable without the presence of a feed base. In general, 68.6 centners were harvested on the 1st conditional head. Feed units.

In the construction complex during this period of time, three district and 8 attracted organizations of various forms of ownership were involved.

Invested 2410 million rubles of capital investments in comparable prices in comparable prices by 31% in the economy of the district due to all sources of financing. The work was carried out on 154 objects. The social facilities of the formation school in p were put into operation. Ekaterinovka. Two homes-office of general practitioners in the villages of steep and wolf were commissioned, a modern sports field was built in with. Good, commissioned at the time of the time in C is commissioned. Small chomuts. Work was carried out on the reconstruction and construction of power lines. Reconstructed low-voltage networks on the streets with. Cool, s. POP, is supplied to the second meal to the surgical case in the C.Orefood, 600 meters of networks are laid in a residential settlement in S.Orevoy (gas station area). Work on the reconstruction of water supply networks on a water intake, with water with water, are performed. Kind, in s. Zamartny. Water supply was carried out on the water supply of all FAPs, all the medplexes are provided with water and sewage. The main criterion for assessing the implementation in the area of \u200b\u200bthe Priority National Project "Affordable and Comfortable Housing - Citizens of Russia" is an increase in the volume of housing in this period of time by 50%.

In total, 188 million 528 thousand rubles were spent on the health system during this period of time. As part of the implementation of the priority national project "Health" to prepare 5 doctors, 46.3 thousand rubles were spent in 200 6, of which 2 general practitioners are.

1 million 510.5 thousand rubles were spent on the payment of an additional earned fee of 12 doctors of the precinct (therapists and pediatricians). Received a salary of 16 nurses. Additional cash payments received 21 people of Feldsher-obstetric items in the amount of 1 million 124 thousand 678 rubles. and 20 people of emergency medical care in the amount of 944 thousand 949 rubles. There is no maternal and infant mortality in the area. The average duration of temporary disability has decreased from 19 to 14.5 days.

Among the causes of mortality in the first place - diseases of the circulatory system - 39.9%; In second place - cerebrovascular diseases - 19.3%; In third place - old age - 17.9%, more than 7% of the causes - injuries, alcohol poisoning, the effect of external reasons. There have been positive trends in the demographic situation. The average life expectancy of the population of the region for this period of time is approached by 72 years.

The certificate of the average (full) general education during this period of time received 258 students, of which 9 people were awarded gold medals, silver 24 people. In 2007, they continued participation in the experiment on the introduction of the USE. In order to identify and develop the creative abilities of students, 20 district subject Olympiads were held, in which 559 students took part.

The implementation of the priority national project "Education" continued. In its framework, contests of general education institutions introducing innovative educational programs were held. In total, the cost of maintaining the field of education of the district on average during this period of time amounted to 170 million696 thousand rubles.

On average, 49,297 thousand rubles were spent on the implementation of measures for social protection of the population.

The regional target program "Young Family" found great support among young people. A lump-sum of the birth allowance for non-working parents received 55 people. Disabled pensioners who receive a pension below subsistence minimum And they do not have benefits, in the amount of 694 people receive a monthly surcharge of 174 rubles.

In the area, all necessary measures are taken to support and develop all genres of culture and art, increasing their role in the education of young people and organizing free time. Folklore expeditions are held regularly, which were organized in p. Wolf, sometimes Ratchino. In the regional competition "Linen Women" Dobrovsky district presented vintage things villaged steep and calikino. In Makhonovsky DCC, there is a "clay toy" circle, where children are glad to be made of clay. Institutions of the culture of the district provided paid services to the population in the amount of 1569.3 thousand rubles.

The development of the consumer market in the area is characterized by a steady growth rate retail on average during this period of time (118.9%), catering (113.1%), domestic services (116.3%) and a high level of saturation of goods and services. Retail trafficking amounted to 755.6 million RUB., Posted food - 28.3 million rubles, household services - 15.3 million RUB. The sale of goods per 1 resident in 2007 in the area as a whole amounted to 31.4 thousand rubles. The distribution structure of the district retail trade tends to increase the share of sales of the non-food product group on average during this period of time, it amounted to 38.7% and increased by 1.3 percentage points.

It should be noted the preservation of the growth of retail retail network. With the growth of retail space, on average, in this period of time, by 7%, retail turnover increased by 18.9%.

Positive changes in the work of small businesses are noted. Their quantity has increased. The average number of employees in small enterprises has grown by 25 people by 2007. The turnover of small enterprises has grown almost 1.3 times on average during this period of time. His share in total reached 54%. In general, the area for 1000 people population accounts for 5 small business facilities.

There are 47 sports facilities in the area, of which 13 sports fields (including one sports ground with a synthetic coating in s. Good), 7 football fields, 22 sports halls (total bandwidth of 735 people), 5 tires. The basic center for sports and competitions is TsDOD. There is a stadium in p. Good with podium at 400 seats. There are 32 sections in the area. 442 students are engaged in TsDD, 159 people are girls and 283 young men.

After analyzing the socio-economic development of the area, you can allocate the main problems of the Dobrovsky region, requiring a speedy permit, are:

The structural crisis of the economy, exacerbating the low production efficiency and non-competitiveness of many types of products manufactured, lack of investment;

Weak development of market infrastructure;

Reducing the state influence on the activities of enterprises and the development of sectors of the economy, the lack of a comprehensive system of their support;

Low level state regulation most important socio-economic processes;

Severe financial situation of industrial subjects;

The growth of mutual non-payment, debt into budgets of all levels and extrabudgetary funds, for paying wages, pensions, benefits;

Worsening conditions for the operation of the main natural resource - forests due to extensive, exhaustive use;

Mainly ineffective agricultural production requiring significant financial state support;

Lack of a system of development and support of medium and small businesses;

Growth of the overall unemployment and an increase in labor market costs.

2.2 Features of the Office of the Dobrovsky District

Dobrovsky district is part of the territory of the Lipetsk region of the Russian Federation. The municipality Dobrovsky district is endowed with the status of the municipal district in accordance with the Law of the Lipetsk region of 02.07.2004 No. 114-OZ "On the endowment of municipalities in the Lipetsk region the status of the urban district, the municipal district, urban and rural settlement." The territory of the district, within which local self-government is carried out, determines the boundary of the municipality - the border of the Dobrovsky district.

The local importance of the municipal district includes: formation, approval, execution of the local budget of the municipal district, control over the execution of this budget; establishment, change and cancellation of local taxes and fees of the municipal district; possession, use and disposal of property in the municipal property of the municipal district; organization within the boundaries of the municipal region of electro and gas supply of settlements; Content and construction of public roads between settlements, bridges and other transport engineering facilities outside the borders of settlements within the boundaries of the municipal district, with the exception of public roads, bridges and other transport engineering facilities of federal and regional importance; Creating conditions for the provision of transport services to the population and the organization of transport services for the population between settlements within the boundaries of the municipal district, etc.

In order to address local issues, local governments of the municipal district have the following powers: the adoption of the charter of the municipality and the introduction of changes and additions, the publication of municipal legal acts; establishing official symbols of the municipality; creation of municipal enterprises and institutions, financing of municipal institutions, formation and placement of municipal order; the establishment of tariffs for services provided by municipal enterprises and institutions, unless otherwise provided by federal laws; Organizational and material and technical support of the preparation and holding of municipal elections, local referendum, voting on the review of the deputy, a member of the elected body of local self-government, the elected official of local self-government, voting on the changes of the borders of the municipality, transformation of the municipality, etc.

The structure of the authorities of the Dobrovsky district administration is:

1. Council of deputies of the Dobrovsky district;

2. Head of the Dobrovsky District;

3. Administration of the Dobrovsky District;

4. Control and Counting Commission;

5. Election Commission of the Dobrovsky District;

6. Department of Finance and Treasury Performance of the District Administration budget;

7. Department of Education of the District Administration;

8. Department of Culture of the district administration.

Department of Finance and Treasury Execution of the Administration of the district administration, the Department of Education of the District Administration, the Department of Culture of the District Administration are legal entities. The district council of deputies consists of 30 deputies elected by the population of the district in the municipal elections on the basis of universal, equal and direct election law during a secret ballot in accordance with federal laws and laws of the Lipetsk region for a period of 5 years.

In the exclusive competence of the district council, there are: the adoption of the Charter of the Dobrovsky region and introducing changes and additions to it; approval of the district budget and the report on its execution; establishment, change and cancellation of local taxes and fees in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation on taxes and fees; Adoption of plans and programs for the development of the district, approval of reports on their execution; Determination of the order of management and disposal of property in municipal property; Determination of the procedure for making decisions on the creation, reorganization and liquidation of municipal enterprises and institutions, as well as the establishment of tariffs for services of municipal enterprises and institutions, etc. The district council independently determines its structure.

The head of the district is the highest official of the district, it is endowed with this charter of its own authority to address local issues and is headed by the district administration. The head of the district is elected in municipal elections for a period of five years. The head of the district within its powers established by federal laws, the laws of the region, this charter, regulatory legal acts of the district council, issues a decree on local importance and issues related to the implementation of individual government powers transferred to local governments by federal laws and laws of the Lipetsk region, as well as orders on the organization of the work of the administration.

The head of the district has the following powers: represents an area in relations with local self-government bodies of other municipalities, state authorities, citizens and organizations, without a power of attorney, is valid on behalf of the district; signs and publishes in accordance with the procedure established by this Charter, the regulatory legal acts adopted by the district council; issues legal acts within their powers; It is entitled to demand the convening of an extraordinary meeting of the district council.

The head of the district as the head of the administration has the following powers: organizes the implementation of the regulatory legal acts of the district council as part of its authority; has the right to enter into the district council of the projects of municipal legal acts; submits for the approval of the district council the draft district budget and a report on its execution; submits for consideration of the district council projects of regulations on the introduction or cancellation of local taxes and fees, as well as other legal acts providing for expenses covered at the expense of the district budget; Forms the administration of the district and manages its activities in accordance with this Charter, etc.

The administration of the district is the executive and administrative body of the Dobrovsky District, endowed with this charter of the authority to address local issues and powers for the implementation of individual government powers transmitted to local governments by federal laws and the laws of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation. The district administration is headed by the Head of the Division of the Rights of Unity.

The structure of the district administration is approved by the district council of deputies to submit the head of the district. Deputy Heads of Administration are appointed head of the district. The administration's competence includes: the formation and execution of the region's budget; possession, use and disposal of property in municipal property in accordance with the procedure approved by the district council; maintaining the register of municipal property; organization within the boundaries of the electricity of the population; Content and construction of public roads, bridges and other transport engineering facilities within the borders of the district, for the elimination of public roads, bridges and other transport engineering facilities of federal and regional importance; creating conditions for the provision of transport services to the population and the organization of transport service of the population within the district; Participation in the warning and organization of measures to eliminate the effects of emergency situations within the boundaries of the area, etc.

2.3 Formation and analysis of income and expenses of the Dobrovsky district

The Finance and Treasury Department of the budget has the following budgetary authority:

Makes the draft district budget and presents it to the administration of the district;

Methodical guidelines in the preparation of the draft district budget and the execution of the district budget;

Makes up the budget painting of the district budget;

Develops a forecast of the consolidated budget of the district;

Ensures the provision of budget loans and budget loans within the limits of the funds approved by the decision of the district council about the district budget for the next fiscal year;

Conducts inspections of the financial condition of budget recipients, including the beneficiary of budget loans, budget loans and state guarantees;

Conducts inspections of budgetary investment recipients on compliance with the conditions for obtaining and efficient the use of these funds;

Organizes the execution of the district budget;

Establishes the rules for compiling, consideration, approval of the implementation of the estimation of the costs produced from the district budget;

Ensures verification of the correctness of the compilation and approval of the estimate of the maintenance of budgetary institutions, as well as verify the correctness of the facilities of employees of institutions funded from the district budget;

Makes proposals for making changes to financial plans and consolidated estimates of departments, committees of the district administration, advisers and other organizations funded from the district budget;

Performs the district budget in the manner prescribed by the current legislation;

Informs the administration of the district about the violations identified during the audits and inspections and sets the question of taking measures to eliminate these violations and the punishment of guilty persons in accordance with the existing legislation. In cases of identifying a violation of legislation, the facts of theft of cash and material values, as well as abuses, puts the question of removing from the work of officials responsible for these violations, reports materials of revisions, and law enforcement checks;

Performs preliminary and current control over the execution of the district budget;

Carries out operations with the funds of the district budget;

Constitutes a report on the execution of the consolidated budget of the district;

Presents a report on the execution of the district budget to the administration of the district;

Has the right to demand from the main managers, managers and recipients of budgetary funds to submit reports on the use of regional budget funds and other information related to obtaining, transferring, enrolling and using the funds of the district budget;

Gets from credit organizations information about operations with budgetary funds.

Structure and states are approved by the head of the district administration. The Chairman of the Department is appointed and exempt from the post of head of the district administration. Imagine data of the expenditure part of the budget as a percentage of the total amount of expenses. (Table 4.)

Table 4.

Structure of budget expenditures for the period 2004 - 2006.

Distribution of the regional budget expenditures on the sections and subsections of the functional classification, in% to the outcome
2004	2005	2006
Public Administration and Local Government	4,409	5,419	6,096
National defense	-	0,001	0,005
Judicial branch	0,323	0,304	0,352
Law enforcement and security of the state	4,144	5,084	5,256
National economy	11,709	15,939	12,418
Agriculture and fishing	6,674	7,519	5,143
Environmental Protection and Natural Resources, Hydrometeorology, Cartography and Geodesy	0,404	0,622	0,473
Transport, Communication and Informatics	1,462	8,140	5,904
Development of market infrastructure	0,055	-	-
Housing and utilities	0,561	4,928	2,414
Prevention and elimination of the effects of emergency situations and natural disasters	1,430	0,217	0,209
Education	5,149	6,927	8,503
Culture, art and cinema, media	2,588	2,042	1,809
Health and physical culture	15,812	17,379	18,982
Social politics	9,451	6,482	8,961
Intergovernmental transfers	-	35,177	35,082
Road economy	7,277	-	-
other expenses	2,930	-	-
Target budget funds	0,299	-	-
Total	100,000	100,000	100,000

Data Table. 2. It is shown that in the cost of the budget, the costs of intergovernmental transfers are a large proportion. (35, 177% in 2005), which is primarily due to the need to ensure certain social problems, as well as the distribution of financial flows between the federal, regional and local levels. However, there was a tendency to reduce these expenses, which is associated with a decrease in tax levels. The decline in the share of expenditures on the financing of the economy is drawn to, which makes it difficult for technical re-equipment, prevents the economy output from the transition state. The share of spending on social needs is gradually increasing in 2004-2006. The share of the expenditures for the maintenance of government bodies, law enforcement and security, federal judicial system has increased.

The dynamics of budget revenues can be traced according to the budget execution data for 2004-2006. (Table 5.)

Table 5.

Budget revenue structure for 2004-2006

The volume of income revenues of the regional budget, in% to the outcome
2004	2005	2006
Tax revenues	93,733	92,227	93,713
Profit taxes	80,623	78,746	77,045
Taxes on goods and services, licensed and registration fees	4,724	4,737	5,177
Taxes on cumulative income	0,655	-	0,957
Taxes on property	4,845	6,279	7,482
Payments for use of natural resources	2,130	0,337	0,084
Non-turn revenues	2,487	1,584	0,884
Administrative payments and fees	0,021	0,023	0,014
Penalties, damage compensation	0,088	0,005	-
Other non-tax revenues	0,273	0,000	-
Gratuitous listings	3,546	7,773	6,287
From other budgets of the budget system	3,546	7,718	6,238
Subsidies	0,562	2,222	-
Subventions	1,719	1,692	3,721
Subsidies	1,047	2,481	2,170
Funds of the federal budget for the implementation of the Federal Address Investment Program	0,314	1,221	0,403
Revenues of target budget funds	0,221	-	-
Total income	100,000	100,000	100,000

Data Table. 3. It is shown that taxes are dominated by the budget - 93.7% in 2004, and the share of taxes in the total budget revenue gradually decreases in 2004-2006. from 93.73 to 93, 71%. The share of non-tax revenues for the same period decreased from 2.48 to 0.88%. The share of gratuitous arrivals is large enough and a tendency to its increase is observed. Reducing the share of taxes is associated with a decrease in the tax rate. Article 26.17. BC establishes that the budget of the subject of the Russian Federation is credited federal taxes and fees on the regulations established by the BC RF, and (or) for tax rates established in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation on taxes and fees. Revenues from federal taxes and fees are credited to the budget of the areas of regulations established by the BC of the Russian Federation.

The composition of tax revenues also occurred. The determining role in the formation of the revenue of the budget belongs to four taxes: income taxes, goods and services taxes, license and registration fees, property taxes and payments for the use of natural resources. There is an increase in the share of income tax by 1.1 times.

In 2006, in order to develop the economy and raising the standard of living of the population, we deliberately went to increase the deficit to 14, 98%, i.e. to the face of 15% allowed by budget legislation.

The percentage and dynamics of change and income changes is shown in Table. 6.

Table 6.

Distribution of income and expenses in percentage of 2004 -

Proticiency and budget deficit
2004	2005	2006
Revenues	93,94%	106,45%	112,67%
Costs	62,49%	160,04%	104,87%

Data Table. 4. Show that in 2004 the budget surplus was observed, and since 2005, the tendency of budget deficit growth in both absolute and relative terms was traced.

From the table, it can be seen that in 2005 increased by 12.51% compared with the previous one, and in 2006, 6.22% compared with 2005, this indicates an increase in the tax base, as well as revenues from the federal budget, Since the Lipetsk region takes part in the competition for the "special economic zone", which will attract foreign investors to the area. The budget expenditures in 2005 increased by 2.56 times compared with 2004 and decreased by 55.17% compared with 2006. Such an uneven distribution is associated with an increase in the standard of living of the population and bringing a deficit in 2005 Almost to the extreme point. At the same time, the deficit coating is carried out by issuing a bond loan and assistance to investors.

In a diagram 1. The ratio of costs and expenses is presented. The diagram shows how expenses exceed income. According to the trend line, it can be seen that the growth of expenditures occurs more intense rates than income grow.

Figure 1. The ratio of expenses and revenues for 2004 - 2006.

The main issue of the economy is to reduce budget deficit. Classic ways to achieve this goal are income growth and reducing budget expenditures, but is currently being carried out by the following methods.

Thus, it can be seen that the budget of the region has a positive dynamics. The saturation of the income occurs due to the income tax, VAT. The creation of a tourist zone will allow the region in the near future to concentrate large-scale production, develop social infrastructure and will give an increase in budget revenues several times. The budget of the region also has a social orientation, the main priorities are funding for regional programs, paying wages to employees of the budget sector, the creation of the infrastructure of the tourist zone and ensuring the stability of regional and local budgets.

Chapter 3. Prospects and ways to improve the socio-economic development and management of municipal education on the example of the Dobrovsky district

3.1 Prospects for the Socio - Economic Development and Management of the Dobrovsky District

In order to ensure effective management of the socio-economic processes of the municipality of the Dobrovsky district, to solve strategic objectives, the development of an action plan is needed, linking various elements of municipal economic and social policy with the resource and financial capabilities of the territory.

In this regard, the main directions of the strategy of the socio-economic development of the municipality Dobrovsky district for 2007-2011 and for the period up to 2015, determine the system of goals and priorities of the socio-economic development of the area on the Middle and Long-term perspective, based on the resource potential of the territory and level Its use in modern conditions.

The main goal of the strategy is to determine the main directions of the development of the municipality Dobrovsky district, ensuring economic growth and the standard of living of the population of the municipality.

A significant natural-raw material base in combination with the labor resources of the territory, the basis of which constitutes enterprises of the production sector, organizations of small businesses, health care, education, social protection - the resources to be used to achieve the goals and further socio-economic development of the territory.

The purpose of the socio-economic policy is to increase the standard of living of the population on the basis of the production growth of the economic entities, ensuring the normal functioning of the sectors of the social sphere, the maximum possible employment of the population.

To achieve the goal of the municipal authorities in the period up to 2015, the following basic objectives have to be solved:

Creating an effective municipal management system;

Determining the point of growth capable of creating a pulse for the development of the territory economy;

Increasing and stimulating investment attractiveness in order to attract investment in the economy;

Formation of conditions and incentives for the further development of small entrepreneurship;

Rational use and sustainable reproduction of natural resources, improving and improving the quality of the environment;

Creating new jobs, facilitating the decision of the employment problem.

The purpose of policies in the field of environmental management, environmental protection and ecology is an increase in the efficiency and environmental safety of the use of the natural resource potential of the territory.

As early as it was said, the area occupies one of the leading places in the agro-industrial complex, so special attention should be paid to the increase in agricultural and animal husbandry. In order to raise the stimulus in conducting a personal compound and improving the genetic potential of agricultural, the target program "Development of the agro-industrial complex in the municipality Dobrovsky district for the period 2006-2010" is being implemented, in terms of events of which the calves of meat and meat and meat referral are acquired in order to raise the stimulus personal compound and improve the genetic potential of agricultural.

The main task in the field of environmental management and ecology is the rational use and sustainable reproduction of natural resources, rehabilitation and improving the quality of the environment.

For this you need:

Construction and improvement of the 2nd stage of the polygon solid household waste;

Performing measures to bring in the safe state of hydraulic structures;

Organization of environmental education in school and pre-school institutions;

Implementation of measures aimed at improving the environment;

Conducting forest-reserving and timber events.

Objectives of labor and employment policies:

Formation of conditions for employment of the population, improving the quality and competitiveness of labor;

Coordination of the interests of workers and employers, prevention of collective labor disputes.

Main goals:

Reduction in unemployment in conditions of limited economic and financial opportunities, conducting an active policy of preventing mass releases;

Creating conditions for employment of unemployed citizens;

Mitigation of the effects of unemployment;

Ensuring the employment of citizens, especially those in need of social protection and experiencing difficulties in finding suitable work;

Orientation economically active population on new forms of employment and labor relations;

Creation in the extrabudgetary sector of the economy of the system of guarantees of the minimum wage not lower than the subsistence minimum on the basis of collective agreements and agreements at all levels of social partnership;

Creating an effective system for managing conditions and labor protection;

Development of the social partnership system.

To implement the tasks, it is necessary to implement:

The development and implementation of municipal, promotion programs for the employment of the population, taking into account the labor market, the adoption of measures for the conclusion of the municipality from the critical situation in the labor market;

Development and implementation of a public papers;

Improving vocational guidance services, including graduates of general education schools, expanding the volume and types of vocational training, retraining and advanced training in accordance with the requirements of the labor market;

Support for private entrepreneurship and individual labor activity, farming, self-employment;

Ensuring coherence of the actions of the employment service with the bodies of municipal authorities, as well as employers in solving the problem of employment of the population;

Improving the efficiency of collective contractual regulation of labor relations, procedures of the negotiation process.

The main goal in the field of education is the creation of conditions for the implementation of social guarantees of a person for education, ensuring its high quality in accordance with the needs of the person and the state.

The objectives of the municipal policy in the field of education are the improvement of the quality of educational services, ensuring equal access to high-quality education.

The main efforts to implement a general education policy should be directed to:

Updating the content and structure of general education;

The introduction of new educational standards of general secondary education, providing the principle of continuity of education;

Expanding the variability of educational programs;

Improving the system for identifying and supporting students who have shown outstanding abilities for individual subjects;

Development of the material base and technical re-equipment of education facilities using modern textbooks, visual aids and information technologies and an increase in the quality of education on this basis;

Activation by the education institutions of scientific research by the development of the grant system;

Expansion of the practice of program-targeted planning budget, directed to the development of education, including the informatization of the industry, the development of an educational and laboratory base.

The goal of health care is to improve the health of the population based on ensuring the availability of high-quality medical care.

The main tasks of healthcare are:

Ensuring guarantees for the provision of medical care and the creation of favorable sanitary and epidemiological conditions of the life of the population;

Bringing the health infrastructure in line with the modern needs of the population in medical care;

Improving the system of protection of citizens' rights to obtain timely high-quality medical care, including drug provision;

The solution of the most acute socio-medical problems (venereal diseases, tuberculosis, infectious diseases, etc.);

Improving the economic efficiency of the use of financial, material and personnel health resources.

For this you need:

Develop a system of prophylactic measures in the field of the health of citizens, improve therapeutic and preventive assistance to mothers and children;

To determine the priority of preventive and rehabilitation measures in the institutions of the municipal health system to reduce the incidence and mortality of the population, the protection of the health of the mother and the child, the spread of a healthy lifestyle.

3.2 Improving the fundamentals of the management of the Municipal Education of the Dobrovsky District

The purpose of the improvement and development of the foundations of local self-government is the performance of the effectiveness of solving local issues related to the competence of local governments.

Priority Local Government Development Policy Tasks:

Formation of the financial and economic base of local self-government,

Development of the principles of interaction between the municipal bodies and bodies of local self-government, including ensuring the implementation of individual powers;

The formation of municipal ownership as the most important component of the financial and economic base of local self-government;

Delimitation of powers and relevant material and financial resources between municipal authorities and local government bodies;

Providing settlements budgets for covering the minimum budget expenditures established on the basis of minimum budget security standards, taking into account the specifics of settlements;

Ensuring the transfer by local self-government to the material and financial resources necessary for the implementation of these bodies of individual powers with which they are endowed.

For this you need to implement:

Legal regulation of ensuring guarantees of the financial independence of local self-government;

Developing and implementing programs for the socio-economic development of municipalities;

Budget and tax regulation, allowing to provide balanced minimum local budgets, to create conditions for optimizing the tax base of municipalities;

Preparation and advanced training of personnel for local self-government;

Information support for local self-government.

The main goal is to increase management efficiency. municipal property.

The use of all municipal assets as a tool to attract investment in the real sector of the economy;

The increase in budget revenues based on the effective management of the municipal property and the development of the real estate market, first of all, the land market.

To perform the tasks assigned:

Adoption of privatization program with the definition of a list of privatized objects;

Determination of criteria for assessing the effectiveness of management of municipal property (assets);

The formation of a mechanism for publishing information on privatized property, about property, which can be leased, trust management, including property in the jurisdiction of municipal enterprises and institutions;

Improving the effectiveness of municipal unitary enterprises and ensuring transfer to the budget of their profits.

An important place is occupied by municipal legal acts that can be canceled or their action can be suspended by local governments and officers local governments adopted (published) appropriate municipal legal act, court; And in a part regulating individual government powers transferred to them by federal laws and the laws of the region, the authorized body of the state authority of the Russian Federation, an authorized body of state authorities.

However, there is a discrepancy between the adopted state acts by federal laws. The municipal legislator in the conditions of explicit insufficiency of regulatory standards laid down in the Federal Law, has established a fairly wide legal limit for regulating the territorial organization of self-government.

In the process of analyzing the legal properties of the Charter, it is concluded that the norms of Art. 57 of the Federal Law "On the General Principles of Local Self-Government Organization in the Russian Federation" (hereinafter referred to as the Federal Law), allowing the opportunity to fill the gap in the right in the absence of legislation of the Directory of the Russian Federation with legal norms of the charter of the municipality, do not allow to ensure compliance with the principle of legality, compliance with the statute of the law of the subject of the Russian Federation. Temporary legal regulation of relations provided for by Art. 57 of the Federal Law, it is advisable to implement in the transitional provisions of the Charter.

A significant amount of regulation is carried out in the Charter. Based on the legislation of the subject of the Russian Federation, at the same time, the ratio of the regulation between the charter of the municipality and the laws of the Directory of the Russian Federation in the federal law is definitely not defined. In different subjects of the Russian Federation, it is not equally suitable for the problem of the relationship between the legal regulation of the main issues of local self-government.

Normation at the level of the area of \u200b\u200bthe region in matters of settlement of the legal status led to a variety of contradictions in relation to federal standards. In certain areas, the opinions of the population of local self-government were not taken into account, and the rights were infrounded. During the period from the moment of adoption of the law "On the General Principles of Local Government Organization ..." before the beginning of 2003, dozens of cases on the contradiction of local legislation were considered in the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation and the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation.

The weakness of legislation in the field of local self-government is due to a number of reasons among which the main thing is the lack of a holistic system of state territorial management. Lack of clear distinction between government bodies and local self-government bodies. Internal inconsistency and non-systemic and regional legislation on local self-government.

For efficient operation, each of the levels of government should have a clear idea of \u200b\u200bthe circle of their powers and their respective responsibilities of responsibility for the state of affairs in a particular area. Thereby ensuring the delimitation of the powers between all the levels of territorial management in the state. At the same time, a certain fixed amount of authority is inappropriate to be firmly fastened for local governments. Municipal education has significant differences in the economic potential of the infrastructure of personnel. Therefore, the amount of authority to address local importance that can take on those or other local governments will always be different. In determining the competence of the municipality, it is necessary to take into account local conditions.

When distributing the authority, it is important to find the optimal solution of what function should be transmitted on the principle of exceptional performance and for what to establish the joint responsibility of various levels of management. From the point of view of improving management efficiency, it is necessary to strive to ensure that in all areas of relations in which the participant coordinating the efforts of the authorities of various levels to solve the joint task is inevitable in all areas of relations.

The Law on General Principles of the Organization of Local Government does not contain special standards for the distribution of tasks related to the competence of local self-government between areas and in their territory settlements. In accordance with the Constitutional Law of Russia, human settlements as municipalities are independent subjects of local self-government in relation to the districts. However, due to the lack of necessary administrative and financial resources, municipalities in areas are often unable to carry out all tasks related to their maintenance. Therefore, there is an objective need for such a distribution of authority between districts and municipalities that would allow to ensure a stable implementation of tasks. This is possible if only those functions that local governments are able to effectively decide on the territories of local governments to effectively be solved on the basis of their organizational and managerial and financial potential. The subjects of the Russian Federation in law enshrines the right to adopt a legislative act on the distribution of competence between the areas and in their territory settlements in accordance with the organizational and managerial and financial resources of the relevant entities.

Delegation of powers is made taking into account the tasks of the socio-economic development of the municipality of the Dobrovsky district. Transmitted powers should not create obstacles to municipal authorities of local issues or worsen the socio-economic situation of the municipality. Powers can be transmitted only if there are real possibilities for their implementation by local governments.

In the delegation of state powers, the local governments of the Dobrovsky District, the draft law should be sent in advance to representatives of the relevant municipalities to coordinate and motivated. The objections of local governments regarding the nature of the expired authority and the procedures for their financing are subject to consideration in the Commissions of representative bodies of state power.

Gradually, new forms of interaction between the municipal bodies of the Dobrovsky District should be developed: the creation of joint temporary and permanent working bodies; Joint development and implementation of plans and programs. In order to coordinate efforts to protect the rights of local governments and improve the efficiency of interaction with state authorities, municipalities are united in alliances and associations. In recent years, all-Russian interregional and regional specialized associations of municipalities have been created in Russia. Many positive results achieved during the municipal reform were a considerable extent resulting from the collaboration of such associations.

In determining the composition of the Dobrovsky district, it is necessary to take into account the territorial demographic economic historical and administrative factors. Among the possible powers of the Dobrovsky district can be noted social support and public employment management emergency environmental protection fire safety regulation of land relations, etc. That is, the powers transmitted to the level of the Dobrovsky region are associated with the implementation of the constitutional rights of the population or with the implementation of state social policy and at the same time are attributed to the issues of local importance. Among the advantages of such a system, experts are noted the strengthening of the executive verticality. Approaching state power to the population is a more comprehensive development of territories consisting of several municipalities.

Also necessary:

These measures have proven themselves in foreign practice. Separate elements are already used in Russia, but according to experts, only their integrated and widespread distribution can give a noticeable effect. Implementation should be based on federal legal regulation as it is associated with the solution of the tasks of strengthening the statehood of creating conditions for long-term economic growth.

3.3 Forecast of the Socio - Economic Development of the Dobrovsky District

The forecast of the socio-economic development of the Dobrovsky District implies compliance with the requirements of federal and regional legislation based on predictive materials of enterprises, institutions and organizations located in the area.

As the main provisions of the forecast, it is possible to preserve the high growth rates of the economy and investment, and on the basis of this maintenance of high growth rates of citizens' incomes.

When developing a forecast, foreign economic and domestic factors were taken into account.

The stabilization of the growth rate of the global economy is assigned to positive foreign economic factors; high level The demand for oil and gas, an improvement in the investment climate, increasing the investment rating of Russia, to negative - the dependence of the country's economy from the export of hydrocarbon raw materials, the development of its own production in the importing countries of Russian metals, a decrease in the medium term of world prices for black and non-ferrous metals.

Positive internal police factors are factors such as the growth of the entrepreneurial activity of Russian companies in the face of increased competition, the growth of investment activity and improving the quality of investments, modernization of the sector of natural monopolies, the diversification of the economy, the introduction of energy-saving technologies, increasing the internal solvent supply of the population, the implementation of national education projects , Health, the construction of affordable housing.

Negative: deterioration of the situation for industries focused on domestic demand, due to the growth of competing imports, excess of energy growth rates compared with target inflation, physical and moral aging of fixed assets of individual industries, continuing natural population aging, population aging and increase budget expenditures on pension and social security.

The main priorities in the activities of the urban self-government bodies of the Dobrovsky district:

1) ensuring the sustainable functioning of the most important livelihoods of the population;

2) modernization of the social sphere, primarily through the implementation of national projects in the field of health, education and publicize accessible and comfortable housing;

3) construction, reconstruction and overhaul of the street-road network, improving the improvement and gardening of the city;

4) improving the efficiency of use of municipal property, land and real estate;

5) the creation of conditions for the development of effective industries, support for entrepreneurial and investment activities;

6) maintaining high growth in the growth of real income of the working and total population, an increase in the effective demand and a decrease in poverty;

7) Ensuring the environmental and public security of the life of citizens.

The average annual number of the permanent population of the city in 2008 will amount to 1 million 89 thousand people. An increase in the birth rate is predicted, which will be 10.7 people. for 1000 people. Population against 10.1 people. in 2005.

The main parameters of the forecast of the socio-economic development of the area:

The volume of shipment of goods of its own production, work performed and services by its own forces on "pure" activities;

The growth of industrial production is predicted. In the structure of production species will dominate agriculture;

The volume of investments directed to the development of agriculture will amount to about 50% of the total investment, they will allow introducing new production areas and introduce new technologies.

The task of urban self-government bodies, using the accumulated potential, competently build their work in order to increase the level of services to the population of services in all spheres of life, to ensure further dynamic socio-economic development in the city and the implementation of priority national projects in health care, education, housing construction, Intensify all the factors that ensure the growth conditions for the gross municipal product, a balanced solution of the nodal problems of the city. The achievement of the forecast indicators of socio-economic development will be ensured by the agreed actions of all units of the urban management system in accordance with the established priorities.

Conclusion

Forms of management and self-government are largely determined by state forms, political regimes and political systems. The forms, content and principles of management and self-government in federal states and confederative republics are significantly different from those in unitary states.

Management and self-government in Russia should be based taking into account all the specifics of Russian society and the state. In the formation of the institutions of power and management, it is necessary to combine the interests of both all peoples of Russia and the peoples of historically established territorial entities. Local authorities should also be formed with compulsory accounting of the multinational composition of the population of each republic, the region, the region and the district.

Currently, Russia is in a state of a deep economic crisis and one of the main problems, which depends on the overcoming of this crisis is to organize an effective local government. This is due to the following reasons:

The inevitability of transformation of the entire management system, the feasibility of dispersing the state power between all levels of management;

The need to ensure active, equitable, real participation of the Russian population in managing the development of its socio-economic sphere;

The need to strengthen the orientation of local communities for self-help, to strengthen the business activity of the entire capable population of the relevant territory;

The need to overcome the economic crisis in Russia by using existing reserves of territorial entities.

All listed problems are reflected at the local level, which is aggravated by their own problems in local self-government bodies.

The goal of the work is achieved. With the help of solving problems, disadvantages have been identified and offers to eliminate them. For this, the role and powers of local self-government in the socio-economic development of the municipality, including the structure of local governments, the authority of local self-government bodies in the socio-economic development of the district and the very concept and purpose of the social and economic policy of local self-government are analyzed. The study of the socio-economic development of the municipality has shown that there are a number of problems.

The following developments are proposed:

The creation of a tourist zone will allow the region in the near future to concentrate large-scale production, develop social infrastructure and will give an increase in budget revenues several times.

The budget of the region also has a social orientation, the main priorities are funding for regional programs, paying wages to employees of the budget sector, the creation of the infrastructure of the tourist zone and ensuring the stability of regional and local budgets.

Also necessary:

Create legal opportunities for the formation of small municipalities of united administrations in order to save management costs;

Create conditions for inter-municipal cooperation in solving common tasks;

Increase the effectiveness of state control and oversight mechanisms for the activities of local government bodies for compliance with the legislation and execution of public authority;

Strengthen public control over the activities of local self-government, raising the role of representative bodies and developing specific mechanisms for the realization of local authorities in front of the population;

Create the possibility of forming budgets of higher territorial levels of management (regions; administrative and territorial entities) due to target deductions from the budgets of the lower level on the solution of joint tasks of municipalities as well as due to targets Allocated from the federal and regional budgets to fulfill state authority.

The results of this work make it possible to assess the various aspects of the management of the socio-economic development of the municipal formation of the Dobrovsky region, allow not only to investigate the dynamics of the level of socio-economic development, but also to identify key problems of territories and make adequate management decisions. The proposed toolkit ensures the improvement of the development management process by identifying the activities of other municipal formations of positive experience, which can be used in the development and implementation of its own policy.

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Economy of municipalities: Terms, Definitions and Methods of Development

Before considering the impact of the distribution of municipal order on the development of the economy of municipalities, it is necessary to define this term, as well as to identify the methods used and the main indicators of the development of the economy of municipalities.

So, in this work, under the economy of municipalities will be implied by a system of economic relations between the subjects of economic activity during the production, distribution, exchange and consumption of goods at the municipal level.

Now it is necessary to dwell on what will be laid in the concept of "development of the economy of municipalities". In this work, this term will be understood by the improvement of the system of municipal economic relations, namely an increase in the efficiency and effectiveness of the interaction of subjects, leading to the improvement of the quality of life of the population, that is, the satisfaction of citizens in:

• · In the level of material well-being;
• · In favorable working and recreation conditions,
• · Comfortable living conditions, healthy habitat;
• · Security and life expectancy.

Thus, the development of the economies of municipalities will mean not only an increase in the volume of goods of its own production, expansion of production capacity, an increase in solvent demand, etc., but also accumulate in itself the improvement of a number of social indicators. After all, agree, the development of the economy has a positive effect on all spheres of society (social, first of all), and if the state of affairs in these areas is at a good level, it will also have a positive impact on the local economy. It turns out a practically vicious circle: the better, the better, the even better. Therefore, it is imperative to take into account the social side in the study of the issue of the development of the economy of municipalities. That is why in this paper further will also consider the indicators not only the economic, but socio-economic unit for the development of municipalities.

Now I would like to dwell on the ways of developing the economy of municipalities. Consider the "Western" approach winds of G.Yu. Presentation on the topic "Management of Municipal Economic Development". M., Foundation "Institute of Economics of the City"., Based on 5 key elements:

• 1. Planning & Partnership.
• 2. Business Climate.
• 3. Infrastructure.
• 4. Business & Entrepreneur Support & Retention.
• 5. Business / Investor Attraction.

Pay attention to each item in more detail.

1. Planning and partnership.

So, this includes the creation of a development strategy, mobilization of civil groups and the creation of economic alliances - primarily the introduction of public-private partnership (hereinafter - PPP) at the municipal level. At the same time, the municipality receives such benefits as access to the financial resources of the private sector and the expert assessment of management, improving the quality of services, greater efficiency due to competition among potential private partners, reduce risks in connection with the private sector, and, in general, stimulating the activity of private Sectors, which, beyond any doubt, will lead to economic growth.

With regard to the advantages of concluding PPPs for private structures, here you can allocate, first, commercial benefits from partnership activities, the possibility of expanding its activities, opening access to new markets, all kinds of reputational benefits and, of course, the separation of risks with the state.

Thus, introducing PPPs, a municipality that could not allow the necessary money influencies in full, attracts private structures to work together in certain projects, sharing potential risks, and often receiving more effective practices for the implementation of the necessary events, which is ultimately The result increases the activity of the private sector and leads to an increase in the local economy.

2. Business climate.

Also, to achieve positive changes in the economy, it is not important to pay attention to the development of a healthy business climate in the municipality. First of all, to conduct the necessary political programs, level administrative barriers to business, establish clear standards and put the required procedures "per flow", for example, in the process of registration and obtaining necessary permits, etc.

3. Infrastructure.

One of the most important aspects of the development of the economy of municipalities is the availability of the necessary infrastructure. As part of this element, the municipality deals with the solution of land issues, carrying out electricity, installation of the road network, vocational training for employees of new industries. All this should be organized together with adequate cultural and entertainment programs, affordable education and health care, as well as a sports component for both local residents and employers and employees and tourists.

4. Support and preservation of businesses and entrepreneurs.

Without a doubt, the entrepreneur must be sure that the municipality is interested in supporting his business not only at the starting stage, but in the future - directly the process of activity. Therefore, the municipal authorities are extremely important to support and guarantee the inviolability of business at all stages of its development. Accordingly, if a potential entrepreneur is aware of the presence and performance of such a mechanism in a particular municipality, then such a positive signal will certainly push it to choose this municipality to the object for investment.

Also, supporting already existing enterprises from municipalities stimulates their further development. As for the figures, here we will celebrate the experience of the United States, in which about 80% of new slave seats gives the development of firms already existing in municipalities. We cannot be sure that by introducing the same tool in Russia, you can get similar impressive results. However, completely ignore foreign experience, especially experience of developed countries, and the overall logical of the processes in the presented mechanisms seems to be at least incorrect.

5. Attracting firms / investors.

On this element, it should be stop in more detail, since the attraction of investors, the "new economic strength" the most directly affects the development of the economies of municipalities. Indeed, the most investment-attractive municipalities have a much greater growth potential of economies, therefore it is important to consider the formation of an investment and attractive municipality and methods that this status is achieved.

Let's start with the fact that as a result of the federated device of the Russian Federation and heterogeneity, economic and social inequality of the regions, investment attractiveness at the regional level, and, consequently, on the municipal, can differ significantly. First of all, these differences arise as a result of objective regional features, such as providing natural resources or geographical position relative to the main transport routes, etc. Thus, part of municipalities does not experience problems in terms of investing inflow, increasing its economic potential, and without applying special efforts, and the other part is forced to take any measures to increase their investment status.

Under the investment attractiveness of the municipality is a combination of various objective possibilities and restrictions that determine the intensity of attracting investment, as well as the investment activity of municipalities. Thus, it is possible to create a "formula" of determining investment attractiveness, which will look like this:

Investment Attraction \u003d Investment Potential - Investment Risk + Investment Activity

At this stage, the question is naturally faced: and what factors are used to assess investment potential and investment risk?

Let's start with investment potential. Usually, its assessment use the following main private potentials, each of which is characterized by a whole group of indicators (some are shown in brackets):

• 1) resource-raw material potential (Weighted weighted availability of the balance sheets of the main types of natural resources, etc.);
• 2) labor potential (The share of the economically active population, the share of unemployed in the economically active population, the proportion of specialists with higher and secondary education by 10 thousand people of the population, the number of higher educational institutions, the number of professorical-teaching staff, the number of students in graduate students and doctoral studies, etc.);
• 3) production potential (cumulative result of the economic activity of the population in the municipality: the level and structure of the gross product of the territory, the share of unprofitable enterprises, the level of production of industrial products per capita, the share of the costs of reproduction of fixed assets, etc.);
• 4) institutional potential (The degree of development of leading institutions of the market economy: the number of credit institutions, their cumulative authorized capital, the share of enterprises with different scope of activity, etc.);
• 5) infrastructure potential (infrastructure security of the municipality, etc.);
• 6) financial potential(tax base and profitability of the enterprises of the region, etc.);
• 7) consumer potential (cumulative purchasing power of the population, etc.).

As for investment risk, the following aspects are evaluated here:

• 1) economic risk (growth rate of the gross municipal product, the growth rate of industrial products, the growth rate of investment in fixed assets, etc.);
• 2) financial risk(the ratio of income and expenses of budgets of municipal education per capita, the ratio of the amount of profit and the amount of the loss of organizations per organization, etc.);
• 3) political risk (degree of political stability);
• 4) ecological risk (environmental pollution);
• 5) criminal risk (crime rate in municipality);
• 6) social risk(Social tension level: the proportion of persons with income below the subsistence minimum, the differentiation coefficient of the population, etc.);
• 7) legislative risk (degree of efficiency of investment legislation).

The last component - investment activity - includes an indicator of investment in fixed capital per capita, the growth rate of investment in fixed capital per capita.

As for the ways to increase investment attractiveness, it is obvious that it can be achieved by increasing investment potential and / or investment activity or reducing investment risk. It is important to note that you can manipulate both simultaneously with all three components, and choosing different combination of them.

Now let's figure it out that from the above is better to manage (manipulation), and what is worse, and with what events you can achieve the desired result.

1. Investment potential. It includes seven components, of which, due to the established natural conditions, it is impossible to influence the resource-raw potential.

In the short term, it is very difficult to influence the employment potential, since, for example, it is unlikely that you can quickly change the structure of the economically active population or somehow force a person of the age of middle age to get higher education. As an event to change the situation in the long term, to increase the number of higher educational institutions, faculty, as well as local authorities who study in graduate students and doctoral studies could engage in social advertising (in a wide sense - on their example including), promoting prestige to be educated person, etc. And in order to change the structure of the economically active population, first of all, new jobs are needed, with a salary corresponding to the expectations of the current unemployed. But here we fall into a vicious circle, since certain investments are needed to create the most workplaces.

Affect the production potential within the municipality is also extremely difficult. On the one hand, you can help with current enterprises, etc., making tax odes, but then the budget does not charge certain income.

As for institutional capacity, it is necessary to assess the number of credit institutions and their cumulative share capital for sufficiency within a particular municipality. If their number is not enough, then, using its status, the head of the municipality could talk to representatives of credit institutions until they have offices in the municipality, for the development of this new "territory", perhaps even with the provision of certain preferences.

Also here can be attributed as a whole "investment legislation" of the region and the municipal formation. Indeed, when choosing an investment facility, an investor will always take into account the guarantees and preferences that are provided by a specific municipality. If such regulatory legal acts have not yet been created, then this misunderstanding must be corrected by starting from the level of regional and finishing a specific municipal formation.

In terms of infrastructure potential, in a particularly developed road-transport system, the municipality will be difficult to do something "with their own hands" - without the help of regional authorities, and sometimes federal, it is not enough. However, speaking of difficulties, we are not talking about the impossibility.

Financial potential includes the volume of tax base, profitability of enterprises, etc. As we understand, the local authorities are practically powerless here, because, as was said earlier, serious shifts in the tax base begin after the inflow of investment funds.

Manipulate consumer potential - the aggregate purchasing power of the population in principle, by putting wholesale and retailers, representatives of the service sector in more or less favorable conditions compared to the current moment, which will definitely affect the final value of the goods sold, works, services. Consequently, the end consumers will be able to acquire either more or less for the same money.

2. Investment risk. If the manipulations with the investment potential could seem problematic and complexizable, then manage the investment risk consisting of seven components, the local authorities are much simpler.

The most difficult eliminator is economic risk, since the pace of local authorities have extremely few leverage to control the growth rate of the gross municipal product, the volume of industrial production dr.

As for financial risks, the local government authorities practically fully own the situation and can, if necessary, adjust the meaning of such an important indicator as the ratio of income and expenditures of the per capita budgets.

The degree of political stability in the municipality is also managed (first of all, from a regional level), however, it is possible to maintain the local authorities in coordination with the regional to maintain a high stability indicator, an informal continuity and following should be maintained.

Environmental risk is measured by the level of environmental pollution. Often, due to the circumstances, there is an enterprise in the territory of the municipality, heavily polluting the environment. It would be closed by economic suicide, and it would be beyond the powers of local governments. However, influence, including informally, on managers in terms of equipping the plant / production by modern filters, etc., prosecated with a timely replacement of such consumables, it seems quite appropriate.

Now briefly turn to the risk of criminal. Obviously, to reduce the crime rate in municipality, actively interacting with law enforcement agencies, for local authorities will be able to and opportunities.

As for social risks, local local governments are able to maintain the level of social tension on the permissible value. But it should also be borne in mind that the strong differentiation of the population in income may radically change the situation, and here the local authorities are most likely powerless.

Turning to legislative risk, we note that it is determined by the degree of effectiveness of investment legislation. Thus, it is only enough to simply prepare, for example, the plan of investment development of the territory - it is necessary that all of his postulates are expertly recovered, and there would be no doubt about the effectiveness and realizability of the measures proposed. What do I need to do? Invite experts in the field of investment, economists, in a word of knowledgeable people, to help local authorities in writing relevant investment doctrines.

Applying to the last component of investment attractiveness - investment activity - It is necessary to note that it simply reflects the current volumes and growth rates of investment in the municipality. Obviously, it is influenced by the most investments that we want to attract, pursuing an increase in the investment attractiveness of the municipality - in this way, we fall into a vicious circle and make a decision not to consider measures to increase the indicator of investment activity due to the meaninglessness of such a procedure.

Completing the consideration of the fifth element, I would like to note that in theoretical terms, an increase in investment attractiveness is working on each component in terms of increasing (investment potential) or reduction (investment risk) the values \u200b\u200bof specific indicators. It follows from this that, for example, a decrease in harmful emissions into the atmosphere, the reduction of the share of persons with income below the subsistence minimum and the creation of favorable tax conditions for investors (of course, with different degrees of importance) increase investment attractiveness municipality.

In conclusion of this part of the work, it is necessary to designate the fact that the development of the economy of municipalities, and, consequently, its growth is made up of the set of procedures that arise from the direction of each of the five elements (within the framework of the Western approach). Sometimes even it seems that the participation of local governments in the economy may be excessive. But the most important thing is not necessary to forget that the essence of the activities of these bodies is not directly in business management, but in providing entrepreneurs the opportunity to deal with and support entrepreneurs by reducing the obstacles of their activities.

Main indicators of the development of the economy of municipalities

In the first half of the 2000s in Russia, the project of the researchers was implemented by the project "City Barometer" Winds G. Yu., Vizgalov D.V., Shanin A.A., Shevyov N.I. Indicators of the socio-economic development of municipalities. M., Foundation "Institute of Economics of the City", 2002., As part of the preparation for which an extensive list of indicators and indicators of the socio-economic development of municipalities was prepared. The list consists of blocks (1st list level) and subblocks (2nd level), which are based on specific indicators (3rd level):

• 1. Living standard.
• 1.1. Demographic indicators:
• 1.1.1 population growth.
• 1.1.2 Fertility.
• 1.1.3 Mortality.
• 1.1.4 Number of arrivals.
• 1.1.5 The number of declining.
• 1.2. Income population:
• 1.2.1 The ratio of the middle shower income and the subsistence minimum.
• 1.2.2 The ratio of average salary and subsistence minimum.
• 1.2.3 The proportion of the population having the average shower income below the subsistence level.
• 2. Economic base of the municipality.
• 2.1 Production Sector:
• 2.1.1 The increase in the volume of products in industry.
• 2.1.2 The increase in the volume of products in agriculture.
• 2.2. Employment:
• 2.2.1. The increase in the number of busy.
• 2.2.2. The share of people employed in the TSV in the economy of the municipality.
• 2.2.3 Unemployment level.
• 2.3. Small business:
• 2.3.1 The share of employed in small businesses in the total number of employed.
• 2.3.2 The increase in the number of people employed in small businesses.
• 2.3.3 The increase in the number of small enterprises.
• 2.4. Investment activities:
• 2.4.1 Investments in fixed assets from all sources of financing on the 1st inhabitant.
• 2.4.2 The increase in the amount of investment in fixed capital from all sources of financing.
• 2.4.3 The proportion of investments from own funds in fixed assets.
• 3. Municipal finances, non-residential real estate and land use.
• 3.1. Budget:
• 3.1.1 The proportion of tax revenues from the largest taxpayer in its own income.
• 3.1.2 Share of tax revenues from the two largest taxpayers in their own income.
• 3.1.3 The proportion of own revenues in the income of the municipal budget.
• 3.1.4 The proportion of tax revenues in its own income of the municipal budget.
• 3.1.5 budget deficit.
• 3.2. Municipal non-residential real estate and land use:
• 3.2.1 The presence of the registry of municipal non-residential real estate.
• 3.2.2 Availability of the Concept of Municipal Real Estate Management.
• 3.2.3 The proportion of income from non-residential municipal real estate (funds received in the form of rent for the temporary use of municipal non-residential real estate) in their own income.
• 3.2.4 The proportion of income from non-residential municipal real estate (funds received from the transfer of real estate in municipal property, in trust management) in their own income.
• 3.2.5 The proportion of income from the sale of non-residential real estate, which is in municipal property in its own income.
• 4. Field of services and urban economy.
• 4.1. Housing and its availability:
• 4.1.1 Security housing.
• 4.1.2 Entering new housing.
• 4.1.3 Share of the Old Housing Fund in the All Housing Fund.
• 4.2. Housing and utilities:
• 4.2.1 The established level of payment by the population of housing and communal services.
• 4.2.2 The actual level of payment by the population of housing and communal services.
• 4.2.3 The actual level of budget financing of housing and communal services.
• 4.2.4 The cost of housing and communal services.
• 4.2.5 The maximum proportion of citizens' own expenses to pay housing and communal services in the cumulative family income.
• 4.2.6 Share families receiving housing subsidies.
• 4.3. Utilities:
• 4.3.1 Household heat supply.
• 4.3.2 Household water supply.
• 4.3.3 Household drainage.
• 4.3.4 Hot water supply.
• 4.4. Transport services:
• 4.4.1 Density of the route network of passenger transport in the municipality.
• 4.4.2 The proportion of preferential categories of passengers in the total passenger transportation of public passenger transport enterprises (intracity, suburban and long-distance).
• 4.4.3 Established tariff for 1 trip on passenger transport on intracity, suburban and intercity routes separately by trams, trolleybuses, buses, route taxtoms and metro.
• 4.4.4 The specific weight of the operating costs for transportation covered by the fare (intracity, suburban and intercity routes separately by trams, trolley buses, buses, route taxi and metro).
• 4.5. Communication Services and Information Services:
• 4.5.1 Number of registered home phones per 1000 inhabitants.
• 4.5.2 The number of sold and delivered newspapers and magazines per 1000 inhabitants.
• 4.5.3 Number of received TV programs.
• 4.6. Household service and public catering services:
• 4.6.1 Domestic services per person.
• 4.6.2 Number of catering enterprises per 1000 inhabitants.
• 4.7. Cultural and educational service:
• 4.7.1 The number of working facilities of cultural and educational services per 1000 inhabitants.
• 4.7.2 Share of students in musical and art schools, sports sections from all children under 18.
• 4.8. Social protection:
• 4.8.1 Budget security under the section "Social policy" per capita.
• 4.8.2 Security of needy citizens (registered in social protection bodies) services of social protection institutions (stationary and non-stationary agencies for the elderly, disabled and children).
• 4.8.3 Share low-income citizensregistered in the social protection bodies of the population from all residents.
• 4.9. Health:
• 4.9.1 Population security in places in hospitals for inpatient treatment.
• 4.9.2 Security of the population services of outpatient clinical institutions.
• 4.9.3 Number of doctors per 10 thousand people.
• 4.10. Education:
• 4.10.1 Security pre-school children in children's preschool institutions.
• 4.10.2 Load per caregiver in children's preschool institutions.
• 4.11. Landscaping:
• 4.11.1 Square, landscaped for a certain period of the total area of \u200b\u200bthe municipality, demanding improvement and gardening.
• 4.11.2 Square of green plantings from the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe city.
• 4.11.3 The length of the illuminated roads from the total length of roads requiring lighting.
• 4.12. Protection order:
• 4.12.1 The number of employees in the municipal bodies for the protection of public order per 1000 inhabitants.
• 4.12.2 The proportion of grave and especially grave crimes from all registered crimes.
• 4.13. Recreational sphere:
• 4.13.1 Sado-park area area for 1000 inhabitants.
• 4.13.2 Number of sports and recreation institutions (pools, ski bases, etc.) 10,000 inhabitants.
• 4.14. Trade:
• 4.13.1 Retail turnover on the 1st inhabitant.
• 4.13.2 Number of retailers (shops, tents) per 1000 inhabitants.
• 4.13.3 Number of trading places on worn, mixed and food markets per 1000 inhabitants.

Thus, a solid pool of indicators and indicators of the socio-economic development of municipalities was designated, some of which will be used in the next part of the work for analysis.

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