Trust management of money in the stock market. Trust management in the stock market is a good way to increase capital. Regulation of trust management in Russia

The modern life of a successful business person has a close relationship with the stock market. That is why the choice of financial instruments is gradually expanding to the depositor, going to multiply their income in this area. Trust management on the stock market or stocks involves the instructions for the main work of specialized firms.

Characteristics of the financial operation

According to the law (Civil Code of the Russian Federation), trust management is the transfer of an investor's assets with a reliable specialist for a certain time in order to make a profit. In Russia, this financial instrument It is a good way to increase savings. Trust management on the stock exchange or stock market has distinctive features - the ability to develop an individual strategy together with the company and competently perform the following operations:

• match the rules for controlling the portfolio;
• correctly assess the degree of risks;
• choose the most favorable investment time;
• determine the characteristics of securities (CB) to include them in the portfolio.

After the conclusion of the contract with an investment and financial company, a person receives full information support, legal support and tax advice.

Features of trust management in securities trade

Trust management in the stock market is an order of securities or customer money for the sake of obtaining income. The manager who accepted the investment is obliged to analyze the market, choose the best issuers, time and duration of investment. The amount of profit directly depends on the competence of the principal and the market situation.

Objects of Du on the stock market include different real estate property (enterprises or securities), but not money, if this is not provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

The investor receives the following advantages:

• if necessary, you can get away from unprofitable trends;
• available combination different species securities: options, futures and others;
• there is an opportunity to expand investment portfolio.

The manager does not receive any rights when transferring property to its control, except for the assets order in the interests of the depositor. The specialist receives a monetary remuneration for its work, which depends on the benefit of the transaction.

Trust management on the stock exchange (stock market) is divided into two categories: collective and individual. This category is intended for poor depositors who want to increase their capital, but not having opportunities. Individual control is characterized by a separate control of each portfolio.

How to choose the correct control company?

The future of investors' assets largely depends on the competence of specialists, in the hands of which they are transmitted. It is very important to choose the right to choose a trust management agency in the stock market. Solving the question, you should pay attention to several important items:

1. Customers have free access to income reporting.
2. The company has a support service, a good reputation and for a long time on the market.
3. Investors can use different systems that allow you to enter and withdraw money.
4. The trust company has a clear earnings system.
5. A large number of positive feedback from previous customers.

Guarantee profit from the financial transaction under consideration will help right choice specialists and a suitable look at the market. To make the right decision, each of them should be considered separately.

Characteristics of the Family Investment Fund

Passage Investment Fund - financial instrument that is under tight control managing organization (FSFR). Its feature is to access depositors with a small budget to investment in securities. The client will not need to constantly control the prices of stock exchanges, track news, engage in buying and selling savings.

The viewed type of collective investment is designed for persons not disassembled in the features of financial management (if you want to understand this issue, then read) or those who have no time to manage their capital. The investor may invest any amount in the face and receive a real income more than from the bank account. His money is combined with the rest of the participants who use confidential offices in the stock market.

The income of shareholders is formed from increasing the share of the depositor in the market. When they are sold and make a profit, in the opposite case, the investor risks to be losing. However, the final result is detected only after selling shares.

Positive sides of the FIF:

• availability (you can invest from 1-3 thousand rubles);
• reliability;
• yield;
• professional management;
• understandable infrastructure ();
• strict state control that reduces and protect customers from unfair disposal capital.

Negative sides:

• high risk levels;
• the cost of registration and preservation of investment documents;
• management Company Stably gets interest, regardless of the position in the market.

Offhouse: Features, Positive and Negative Parties

The general trust fund of the banking department is a type of Du in the stock market, adjustable and controlled by the Central Bank. The organization under consideration is not legal entity, and its activities are under the supervision Federal Service According to financial markets.

Offca suitable for different groups investors and allow you to invest your money not only in domestic, but also in foreign securities, precious metalscurrency. It is fundamentally distinguishes them from impacts that are under the tight control of the Federal Service for Financial Markets (FSFR). In addition, customers can perform operations in the derivatives market with and futures that bring maximum profits and those who are sorry from risks. The objects of trust management on the market with a general confidence fund of the bank management may be:

• money;
• foreign currency;
• natural gems and metals.

The investor must open a separate account to complete the calculations and to keep money. So guarantees protection of savings from unforeseen problems. credit organization. The profit of the depositor in the office depends on profitability investment assets and fund management efficiency.

Positive sides of the Offhouse:

• big investment opportunities;
• the ability to get high profits;
• savings on management, storage and accounting of property, since all administrative costs carries bank;
• The Central Bank controls the activity of the considered type of Du in the stock market.

Negative sides of the Offhouse:

• low awareness to potential customers about the activities of the Fund;
• banks often use a risky strategy using a loan shoulder, so the contributor risks losing big money;
• basic knowledge of financial markets is required.

Distinctive features of individual trust management (IU)

IMU is a way to store and increase capital, providing for the management of savings transferred to the contributor to the competent specialist. This kind of blowing in the market is suitable for persons managers by large sums.

During the planning of the Strategy, experts take into account all customer requirements about the permissible level of risk, the desired profits used tools, etc. IMU does not require the publication of information about its activities (in contrast to the FIF). As for taxation, the agent pays income tax For the founder with profit received.

Benefits I go:

• there is no need to regulate the structure of the portfolio;
• individual formation of a portfolio under the client;
• depositor can get advice not only on general issues, but also specifically in your portfolio;
• if necessary, you can quickly change the strategy without closing accounts and not withdrawing money from it;
• the client has the ability to receive every quarter a report on his portfolio.

Disadvantages IT in the stock market:

• there is no possibility to compare the result with portfolio of other depositors;
• basic knowledge of the stock market, finance;
• the service is available only for large investors.

What is profitable for forex trade?

Forex work is based on the extraction of profits from purchased and sold currencies, the course of which periodically becomes higher or lower depending on economic conditions certain countries.

Based on the above information, it can be concluded that a person has different methods Extract extra profit. Trust management on stock markets or stock exchanges is a wonderful way to increase the size of your savings without much difficulty.

Trust management is professional activity (analysts, professional managers) for customer assets management in the stock market (stock exchanges) in order to preserve and increase funds.

These are not any abstract robots - these are specific managers.
Such a service provide brokers working on stock exchanges.

The essence of the service is that client, not having opportunities, time or desire to manage own means independently transmits them to a professional managerwhich carries out the assets in the stock market (stock exchanges) within the framework of the selected strategy client.

Trust management

Benefits Services

Trust management has a number of pluses before self-trade:

1) means managed experienced and successful managers
2) the ability to control your account and operations on them with regular reports in the Personal Account
3) the optimally built investment process with the involvement of leading analysts of the company

Activities for such a service should be licensed, i.e. Accompanied by a license (license for trust management of securities).

Trust management - strategies

There are special standard (basic) strategies that are offered to the client to select. Usually there are about 4, in various brokers such strategies may be called differently, for example, one is (speculative, stable, market and aggressive strategy), in another (balanced, Russian stocks, Rotation and hedge - Strategy Foundation).

Consider more on the second example

More balanced (conservative)

1) Strategy "Balanced"
The peculiarity of this strategy is to adaptively change the share of shares and bonds (from 30% to 70%) depends on the situation in the stock market.
2) Strategy "Russian shares"
The strategy is based on the principle of "Margin's Margin" preference to companies, market value which are many times lower than their internal cost.

More speculative (active)

3) "Rotation" strategy
The strategy is based on the selection of issuers, whose shares show the dynamics significantly better than the market and determining the optimal moment of exit from the position
4) Hedge Fund strategy
Speculative strategy with a high value of potential yield and level of risk.

Accordingly, in contrast to a balanced strategy, a speculative strategy will be with a higher value of potential yield and level of risk.

Financial Party Service

Minimum input for the provision of services

This service is provided to customers from 300,000 rubles, with the exception of the Hedge-Fund strategy - 500,000 rubles.
Customers from 5,000,000 rubles. companies are ready to talk to individual conditions and prepare an individual investment strategy.

Commission for services

Payment for management 0.9% of the average annual cost pure assets - once a quarter.
The fee for the success of 19% of the income amount exceeding 8% per annum, if less than 8%, the board is taken only for management. Those. If for example, 9% earned, then a remuneration is taken in 19% from 1%, it turns out 0.19% of income. Thus, this approach stimulates the governors to show incomes above bank deposits.

Tariffs concern all strategies

Control for the services provided

Everything is controlled by regular reports. Reports are postponed not daily, and monthly within the framework of the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Investors often say that investing money at least under 20% per year is not such a difficult task. At the same time, the circle is full of fraudsters who offer where larger percentage. I would like to invest your accumulated funds for trust management of any company, but I do not know how and whom to choose.

Tell me, where to start, what to pay attention to? Maybe recommend a specific investor or foundation?

Immediately remind you that a big yield is usually associated with great risk, and when managing securities, it is impossible to guarantee. I tell you what are the options for trust management, how to choose a management company and why it is dangerous to give your money to a private person.

Evgeny Shepelev

private investor

About yield and risk

Investments have the relationship between risk and profitability: the greater the potential yield, the higher the risk. Always remember that large yields are usually associated with the risk of losing invested.

As for the simplicity of investing under 20% per year, much depends on the situation in the stock market. Make a 20% per year when the stock market grew by 10%, is an excellent result. Make 20% when it grew by 40%, the result is so-so. Let me remind you that in early 2015 were even bank deposits Under 20% per annum.

The profitability of investments should be compared with inflation, deposit rates, the dynamics of the corresponding stock index.

Types of trust management

In Russia, there are three main ways to transfer their money to professionals to increase them. These are mutual investment funds, Individual Investment Account with Trust Management and Conventional Trust Management.

Pynes. The essence is simple: Many investors are merged into the fund, the funds of which the management company (Code) invests in promotions, bonds and other assets in accordance with the investment declaration. The investor addresses in the Criminal Code, makes money and receives the shaved Foundation. Then you can repay the PAI, getting money for them. The input threshold is often from 1000 p.

IIS with trust management. The Criminal Code is offered to open this account by choosing one of the proposed investment strategies. Means on the account manages the Criminal Code within the framework of the selected strategy. This option is interesting tax benefits: You can get 13% of the amount of IIS replenishment for the year or do not pay personal income tax with income on IIS. The entrance threshold is usually 50-100 thousand rubles, and no more than 1 million rubles can be made for the calendar year on IIS.

Normal trust management. This option is only suitable for wealthy investors. Often the entrance threshold is from several million rubles, if we are talking about ready-made strategies. In order for the Criminal Code to and supported a truly individual investment portfolio, its size should be measured in tens of millions of rubles. Recently, roboedeving services appeared, which also offer trust management, but the yield threshold is much smaller.

Whatever the option of three you choose, you will have to contact the control company. it professional participants securities market, legal entities with a license for securities management.

How to choose a control company

In Russia, many UK, the largest are associated with banks. For example, there are "Sberbank Asset Management", "VTB Capital Asset Management" and others. There are independent UK, for example, "income", "Arsagra".

Many companies are offered at the same time and impacts and IIS with trust management, and ordinary trust management.

That's what you should pay attention to when choosing the Criminal Code.

License availability. Go to the UK website and find information about the company there. Find out if she has a license for securities management. Check if there is information about the company on the Central Bank website in the license registry.

Ranking reliability. Look in the ratings, for example, RA "Expert", how reliable is the company. Maximum reliability A ++ or AAA. All other things being equal, it is better to work with the CC with the rating from A ++ to B ++.

The volume of assets under control. The more this indicator, the better. In market leaders, it is hundreds of billions rubles

Yield. For example, you can compare the profitability of the FIF shares with the profitability of the corresponding index of shares of full profitability (that is, with regard to dividends) at least for several years. The less the PIF is lagging behind the index, the better.

Cost size. When you compare products of several Crimson, it is better to choose a company with minimal commissions For managing and entering funds. Please note that the Commission for Management is charged even in the absence of income.

Convenience of interaction. Well, if you buy mutual pieces or open Iis, you can right through the site of the Criminal Code. Someone is important that the office of the Criminal Code or its agent is the office is next to the house or work.

You can submit part of the funds to the management of one Criminal Code, and the part is different. This will reduce the risk of funds due to problems or errors of the Criminal Code.

The yield of investments depends on the strategy, the situation in the stock market, the actions of the Criminal Code and Commissions.

Give money "private owner" - a risky undertaking

In addition to the Criminal Code, private traders are provided. Some traders and investors manage other people's money, making transactions for them for the commission - usually per percentage of profits.

There are two main options:

1. Transfer money to the manager, he will work with them on his account. You can lose all money if the manager turns out to be a fraudster.
2. Give control access to your brokerage bill or IIS. Risks are less, but still there are chances of losing money due to unsuccessful deals.

The probability of meeting an unqualified manager or a fraudster is great. If you do not want to invest on your own, please contact the managers with a license, and not to individuals. It is safer.

If you want to refer to the "private owner", then you must demand the evidence of experience and confirmation of successful investment. This may be, for example, a broker report for several years with printing. In no case do not believe the word, arrange an agreement in writing. It makes sense to familiarize himself with the reviews of the former clients of the manager.

You should not trust all the money to one manager.

Briefly

First, select what you're better suitable: FIF, IIS with trust management or ordinary trust management. Each option has its pros and cons. Relieve yourself from the existing amounts and horizon of investment.

Choosing the Criminal Code, focus on the size of the funds running, the magnitude of the commissions, the convenience of interaction. The company should have a license for securities management.

Cooperation with private managers more risky: you can meet a fraudster.

When managing securities is prohibited to guarantee profitability. Data on past returns do not allow you to learn the future.

If you have a question about personal finance, expensive shopping or family budgetWrite: [Email Protected] The most interesting questions will be answered in the magazine.

The easiest way to receive income from investment in shares and bonds is to transfer its funds to the management of those who are professionally engaged in investing in the stock market. Such a service is called "Trust Management": the investor transfers to the trust management of savings in order to obtain their increase by conducting operations in the stock market.

When transferring property to trust management, property ownership remains among the investor (the founder of the Office), and not transmitted to the manager. The trust manager does not become the owner of these funds, he only manages them in the interests of the investor and for his service receives a remuneration, the amount of which is determined by the value of the income for the investor. He is interested in the maximum increase in the investor capital transferred to him.

Trust management is individual and collective. With individual trust management, the Company separately manages each portfolio of the client, and with the collective management of many and many customers to be combined into one common portfolio, and the company manages one large foundation. In such a fund, each investor has a fraction proportional to the amount of funds made.

Collective investments are created specifically for small private investors who want to multiply their capital in the stock market, but do not have enough capital or opportunities for independent investment. Collective trust management includes mutual investment funds (mutual funds) and the so-called general banking fund funds (Offhouses), which are also gaining popularity among Russian investors.

Food investment funds

Swan investment funds make accessible to securities for many investors with small amounts. Your money in the stock market will be managed by professional managers. A small amount of investment and professional management is the main advantages of mutual funds before independent investment in promotions and bonds through the broker. You do not need to constantly monitor stock prices and financial news, buy and sell securities on the stock exchange. Food funds are designed specifically for non-professional investors - ordinary peoplethat do not have the relevant knowledge and investment experience or can not pay considerable time to manage their capital.

Effective funds are available even to those who receive the average income on Russian standards. You can invest in a fruit any amount. Even with thousand rubles you can get a real income higher than in the bank. But, of course, to invest a penny pointless.

Figuratively speaking, the Passion Fund is a "money bag" in which investors invest their money for further investing in financial markets by professional managers. The share of the shareholder is combined with the money of hundreds and thousands of other investors who also transmit their funds to trust management. The share investment fund is not a legal entity - this is the so-called separable property complex. But it creates this property complex and manages the management company in the stock market.

The management company is a participant in the stock market that has a license for the right to implement investment fund management activities, mutual investment funds and non-state pension funds. In addition to managing mutual funds, they also have the right to manage non-state reserves. pension funds (NPF), insurance reserves of insurance companies and individual trust management of securities. Pension reform spawned the new kind Trust management: companies will invest a cumulative part of the pension transferred to the management of citizens. To date, 55 private managers received the right to manage the cumulative part of the pension.

Investors in mutual funds - shareholders - do not receive any percent or dividends for their investments. The income develops only on the increase in the value of the share of the investor in the Foundation (the cost of shares). If the cost of mutual grew, they can be sold (the law "On Investment Funds" calls this repayment) and get income. The difference between the value of the sale (repayment) and the cost of buying shares will be income or an investor loss.

Unlike contributions to banks, no profitability of investment in mutual funds is guaranteed. It all depends on what income is bringing securities that make up the Fund's investment portfolio. If securities in the fund's portfolio grow, the income of shareholders grow. If the cost of securities decreases, the capital of the shareholder is reduced. However, it is necessary to remember that as long as you have not sold PAI, and your income, and your loss is not the final result of the investment. So the decline in the cost of the share can be completely waited and waited for a new increase in prices. Putting investment funds have many advantages for investors before independent investment in shares and bonds.

Due to its advantages - reliability, profitability and accessibility for the widest range of investors - mutual investment funds are becoming the most popular type of investment for private investors in the Russian stock market. The number of mutual funds is growing rapidly, new types of mutual effects appear. Undoubtedly, mutual investment funds will eventually become a serious alternative to bank deposits.

General Banking Management Funds (Offhouses)

General funds of banking management (OFBU) - another opportunity to investigate money in securities to a private investor in Russia. The Offhouse is funds similar to mutual investment funds. Only they are created and managed by non-managers, but by banks. Just like the FIF, the Offhouse is not a legal entity. The Bank accumulates investors, unites them into one common fund and continues to manage the Fund in the financial market. Only financial stable banks belonging to the 1st category of financial condition and capital of at least 100 million rubles may establish the Offhouse. The Bank may establish several funds - depending on the management strategy.

A significant difference for the investor between PIFIs and the Offca is that these funds have different opportunities for the investment of the shareholder in income assets. Pynes are strictly controlled by external organizations (especially specialized depository) and are obliged to clearly adhere to the composition and structure of assets in accordance with the requirements of the State Regulator of the Stock Market - Federal Financial Markets Service (FSFR). The Offhouse has much more opportunities in investing assets - investors can be embedded not only in Russian, but also in foreign securities, currency, precious metals; It is possible to perform operations in the derivatives market with futures and options that bring the highest income or insure against risks.

If for mutual funds, the advantages of such a tough control is a smaller risk of investment and protection against unscrupulous management, the advantages of the Offhouse compared to PIFIs are the greatest flexibility in management depending on the situation in the financial markets.

However, the liberal conditions for managing the Offhouse do not mean that the bank can do with investors' money all that will want. Operations with funds embedded in the office are carried out in accordance with the Investment Declaration adopted by the Bank. The investment declaration should contain information on the share of each type of property, each type of securities (shares, bonds, bills, etc.), which are in the investment portfolio of the Office; On the share of funds placed in currency values; On the sectoral diversification of investments (by types of industries - issuers of securities).

The Offhouse cannot invest more than 15% of their assets in the securities of one issuer. The bank cannot issue loans (loans) at the expense of property in trust management, as happens with ordinary deposits in the bank. Another distinction between the Offhouse and Pifami is that the PAIs of the Fifa can only be bought for rubles, and the investor can invest everything in the office, which allows the Fund Declaration, dollars, euros, securities or even precious metals to invest.

When attaching funds to the Offhouse between the manager (Bank) and the Founder of Management (Investor), a trust management is concluded. The trust manager is obliged to issue a document - certificate for the amount of deposited property participationconfirming the fact of transfer of property to trust management. The certificate indicates the size of the founder's share as part of a general bank management fund. A certificate of equity participation is not a valuable paper and cannot be subject to purchase and sale agreements - this is a kind of receipt.

Income to the investor in the office is also not guaranteed - it all depends on the profitability of investment assets and fund management efficiency. The number of operating offbu is about five times less than mutual effects.

Individual trust management

Pynes and Office are treated with collective investment - small amounts of hundreds and thousands of investors are combined into a single portfolio, which manages in the case of a FIF management company, and in the case of the office - the bank. Of course, all the share skins are content with only one common fund management strategy and cannot give any guidelines.

However, if you have significantly larger amountWhat is required for joining the majority of funds, you have advantages that give individual trust management of securities.

Individual management is engaged in professional participants in the securities market that have a license to carry out activities on trust management of securities - these are investment companies, managing companies, often having this license as a second, and banks (on them the requirement to have a license is also distributed).

In case of individual trust management, the personal portfolio manager manages the client portfolio in accordance with the strategy developed specifically, taking into account the needs of the client.

Strategies - this is a significant difference for the investor between piffs and trust management. The difference in strategies is determined by the fact that mutual impacts can invest in securities only in accordance with the stringent requirements of the FSFR, indicating which securities and in what proportions are it possible to invest. So the opportunity to make money on securities For intrinsicities, significantly less than for trust management. The advantage of trust management is active strategies in the stock market until speculation in the falling market, operations in the futures market and options. And the mutual funds always adhere to the selected strategy. As a rule, it is either a portfolio of shares, or bonds, or in the portfolio of the Foundation there are promotions and bonds with a translate in one direction or another. The client can establish certain portfolio parameters that will adhere to its portfolio control, for example, the composition and structure of the portfolio, various ratios of profitability, risk or liquidity of investments. All these parameters will be recorded in the investment declaration. When changing market conditions, the manager can promptly change the investment strategy. In the event of a fall in the stock market, it can shift capital from stocks to bonds, which are much more stable and bring guaranteed interest income.

Genuine individual trust management is possible for hundreds of thousands of dollars. For smaller amounts - less than 100 thousand dollars - managers offer standardized strategies, then operations according to your portfolio will be identical to operations for the top ten twin portfolios belonging to other clients of this company. Often, managers at the same time offer investors of mutual investment funds and individual trust management services. Individual trust management choose medium and large investors who value an individual approach to the client and which is necessary to develop a special investment strategy, impossible in a shared fund.

The topic of trust management and investment in the funds is very complicated for me. Every time she gets up in front of me, I do not know what is easier for a person - to manage money yourself or entrust professionals. Probably, it will seem strange, because the answer seems obvious!

Trust management - we will do everything for you!

It is worth choosing such forms of trust management tools that have a democratic input threshold.

Trust management in the stock market Excludes own technical errors, frees the time, is carried out by people who are exchange professionals. Yes, it's all so, but ...

Managing trades on a strictly specified strategy that has certain risk levels. When you invest the money, the specified risks are acceptable for you (otherwise you would not be invested), but over time, life circumstances may change, and the likely drawdown will cease to be permissible for you. Of course, you can immediately choose another manager or the foundation with a lower risk level, but often people do not do this, getting into somehow, "they feel sorry and offensive to leave the strategy.

Is it worth thinking about the fact that your level of risk can ever change, because everything is impossible to predict? - I do not know.

I am comfortable to trade yourself. Then under the influence of life circumstances, I can slow down the horses, then give them will. Thanks to this, I always feel comfortable.

How to choose a manager in the stock market?

If, nevertheless, the person does not get to trade itself - there is no possibility, desire or psychologically difficult, then in this case it is worth choosing such forms of trust management of means that have a democratic input threshold.

Such products offer companies with the name - everything is carried out on Russian legislation and is able to move money from one strategy to another.

Why do you need start with small sum? In order for you to start investing with a free and comfortable amount, the loss of which will not affect your well-being.

Why do I need a company named?Notice, it is the company, and not some separate guru. This is a guarantee that your strategy will function constantly, regardless of a separate personality. This is a guarantee that the strategy formalized was investigated and checked.

Why guarantees within russian legislation? Why not confidential office or foreign Fund? The answer suggests itself: In order not to get into the hands of scammers! Before us and so constantly looms the market risk, why create artificial difficulties.

The importance of capital mobility, I think, no need to explain. But remember, running from the strategy to strategy in case of temporary appeals is not necessary. If the strategy does not go beyond the declared risk, it deserves confidence. It is possible to shift only when changing life circumstances. But I hope that you never happen to happen to you. Let you get crazy money, premiums, winnings in the lottery so that you can do not reduce in your strategies, but to increase the level of risk!