Construction rates for private houses from neighbors. Rules of SNiP and GOST in the construction of cottages and private houses. Basic rules for the construction of an individual residential building SNIP

With an individual residential building, all those presented technical requirements to the individual residential house. They are regulated regulatory documents Russian legislation, and it is necessary to know about them both the architect and builder and the customer itself. There are many documents, for example, the joint venture 55.13330.2011 "Snip 31-02-2001 residential homing houses", SP 20.13330.2011 "Snip 2.01.07-85 * loads and impacts", SP 22.13330.2011 "SPIP 2.02.01-83 * Bases of buildings and structures ", SNIP 23-01-99 *" Construction climatology ", SP 52.13330.2011" SNiP 23-05-95 * Natural and artificial lighting. " Of course, it is impossible to completely convey the essence of the requirements in one article, so we will dwell on the most important.

Most of what is planned in the future individual residential building, only the future owner defines. For example, the size of the rooms and their placement, the presence of one or another room, the list of engineering equipment and so on. It is clear to everyone that with all this house is designed for activities that takes place in a housing: rest, sleep, cooking and eating, hygienic procedures, so it is important to create the necessary conditions for this.

What basic technical requirements for an individual residential house are presented?

The main requirements for an individual house concerning the designation of the premises can be found in SNiP 31-02-2001 "Houses of residential one-quarters". Listed the minimum list of those rooms that are necessarily present in the composition of the house: kitchen, living room, bathroom or shower, toilet, storeroom, which built-in cabinets can replace.

There is I. installed requirements For minimal room size. They calculated with the placement of the desired furniture and equipment intended for the room. For example, according to this minimum size Bedrooms - 8 square meters. meters, and the kitchen is 6 square meters. meters.

The rigorous regulations are subject to the minimum height, and the width of the rooms. According to the relevant requirements, the height of residential rooms and kitchen is not less than 2.7 meters. If such rooms are located in the attic, their height should be at least 2.3 meters. In addition, these rooms must have natural lighting, simply speaking, necessarily the availability of windows.

What are the requirements for designs individual house

The base of the house and all of it are calculated taking into account those regulatory loads that they must withstand. Exceptions make up their damage or deformation. Estimated methods strictly meet the requirements of the regulatory documents currently operating on the design, and indicating the appropriate material.

When designing, all loads should be taken into account, which can be divided into permanent and temporary, on the supporting structures of the house. The weight of the designs themselves, pressure, loads from people, furniture and equipment, which is planned in the house is also mentioned here.

Separate attention is paid to the foundation, as this is the basis of the house. When designing it, it is of particular importance to the characteristic of the soil, its aggressiveness and the presence of groundwater in it.

What requirements are presented to the system of fire safety of an individual residential building

This is perhaps one of the main requirements, whose non-compliance may lead to sad consequences. Set out the requirements in a fairly large document called the federal law Of July 22, 2008 No. 123-FZ "Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements". In addition to him, there are still a number of regulatory documents covering this issue. A detailed analysis of documents shows their similarity, so we will dwell only on the main points.

Design and Further Construction individual cottage Mandatory should provide for measures warning the emergence of a fire. In addition, the possibility of evacuating people in the event of a fire for the surrounding territory should be provided. In case of fire, a number of measures preventing fire penetration to neighboring buildings are envisaged, free access to the house is provided to extinguish a fire and rescue people.

In addition to all of the above, the possibility of a sudden appearance of fire indoors and its further exit to the surface should be taken into account.

Requirements for engineering communications at home

It's no secret that any residential building has a number of engineering communications: a heating system, water supply, ventilation, sewage and electricity. But not everyone knows that certain requirements are also imposed.

The heating system is designed to maintain the temperature in the house for vital temperature throughout the heating season. The temperature in the residential premises should not be below 20 seconds, in the kitchen and toilet - not lower than 18 C, in the bathroom or shower - no less than 24 C.

The ventilation system provides uniform air intake and its further distribution. It cleans it and maintains the required quality. In those rooms where the extraction of harmful substances or unpleasant odors is possible, the air output is envisaged immediately, bypassing all sorts of ventilation channels, outward.
The gas pipeline is carried out in the house or in the kitchen, or in a specially designated room, boiler room. If there is no main gas, the house is allowed to use gas cylinders not more than 50 liters.

All technical requirements for an individual residential house must be observed, otherwise the house will not receive the status of an individual residential building and will not be suitable for housing.

Starting a construction work, and in particular the future at home, it is worth understanding that this process is characterized by the presence of a huge number of problem situations. That is why it is important to get acquainted with all the important requirements, nuances, thanks to which the construction process becomes not just correct, but also legally prepared.

Planning the location with all the rules

At the first stages of construction planning, it is worth thinking where all the construction of the main, as well as an additional character is placed. The main goal is to properly plan the entire project for the comfort of the hosts of the hosts, neighbors. For this, the following factors should be taken into account:

• Characteristic of soil
• Clean the terrain of an environmental
• Location of water underground (depth)
• Appointment of land plot (type of use)

First of all, when planning, it is necessary to highlight the boundaries of your site using the installation of the fence. This moment will allow to separate their plot from others according to the legislation.

Order the cadastral area of \u200b\u200bthe territory:

The layout of designs on the site also plays an important role, because the owner will preliminarily understand how and where the facilities will be located.

The site has the opportunity to build:

• Buildings of economic purposes (shower, restroom, summer kitchen, garage, greenhouse, other)

After drawing up such a project, taking into account the size of the structures, their location, the appointment must be coordinated by this fact with the authorities of self-government, which operates on this territory.

Separation zones:

• Residential
• Garden and garden
• Economic
• Rest area

It should be understood that there are many rules in law that regulate the construction of structures. When erecting a private house, you need to take into account the SNiP. These are the rules, as well as the norms that eliminate all the risks of the problems of the legal, as well as a technical nature during the construction of the house.

Construction rates characterize:

• Location Building
• Conducting certain communications of engineering type

Thus, from the future house to the border ("red line"), where the neighbors section will begin, there must be a distance of no less than 3 meters. Otherwise, if it is impossible, the written consent of the neighbors should be issued (it is better to assure it with a notary to eliminate disputes in the future).

The red line characterizes the construction line, it is highlighted on topographic shooting, not applied by architect.

Measuring this distance, it is important to know that counting distance needs from those elements of the building that are the terrace, a terrace, a porch. Also, in the process it is important to remember the existence and other rules, including fire-fighting.

Firefire requirements

1. Between two houses, during the construction of which brick was used, as well as blocks from reinforced concrete, and the roofs are made of the material of a non-controlled type - can be placed at home at a distance of at least 6 meters. This moment is possible if the walls of the specified structures are facing one to another, there are no windows, and their roof is made of safe, non-combustible materials.
2. Between stone houses distance should be at least 8 meters
3. Between brick I. wooden constructions The gap must be 10 meters. In this case, if a neighbor built his house before and retreated his 3 meters - the other 7 should retreat another owner of the building.
4. Between two houses, which are built from the railway blocks (regardless of the roof), the distance should be 15 meters (the same norm refers to two wooden buildings)
5. If the wall of the house above the walls of a neighbor house is more than 0.3 meters, is characterized by 1 type of fire treatment - you can not take into account fire rules relative to the distance between the structures

Sanitary requirements

In addition to the above fire, an important role is played by the norms of a sanitary nature, which are also taken into account not only in the construction process, but also when the building is put into operation.

• The windows of the residential premises must be with the distance to the walls of other structures at least 6 meters
• Building an economic nature range from the border of the neighbors section at a distance of at least 1 meter
• Fireproof reservoir, as well as a residential type must be located with a gap of 3 meters
• Economic buildings are erected at a distance from the border with the neighbors of 3 meters, but the height of such structures from the ground level to the borders of the skate does not exceed 5 meters
• If the regulatory distance increases, an increase in the height of the structure is allowed, but not more than 0.5 meters
• It is allowed to raise the platforms, canopies, but the distance of this element to the windows should not be less than 6 meters
• The distance from the construction of a primary nature to the road (in other words "red line") should be at least 5-6 meters
• In the case when the boundaries of the land plot completely coincide with the holding of a "red line", the house is to build at least 3 meters from this line
• 1 meter retreat only between the fence, as well as economic designs (taking into account the observance of all the norms of sanitary, fire prevention)

The main landmarks, with the erection of one or another design, are fences, as well as structures that already exist in neighboring land plots.

Green-type fencing and planting

Very often, when planning to build a house, as well as other designs for the maximum comfort of housing, a zone is planned for a garden, as well as rest. But, the arrangement of these parts of the plot also has its own characteristics:

• When planting plants of tall fruit type, it is worth counting at least 3 meters from neighboring land
• Berry shrubs, as well as decorative nature, must be planted at a distance of 1 meter
• The mid-graduated trees sit down with a sample of 2 meters from the red line
• The height of one or another fence should not exceed 2 meters
• Translucency defined type Fencing from 0 to 100% relative to the entire perimeter of the site. When determining the necessary height of the fence, it is worth considering the amount of all elements, structures, as well as measure it from the ground level to the upper limit of the web.
• The fencing size can be increased, but not more than 0.5 meters of permissible number.
• If the border goes from home very close - about 3 meters, the fence should be done on the width of the whole house, and it will be no more than 2 meters, the translucency from 50 - 100%
• It is forbidden to take a flow of superficial nature from one piece of land to another (neighbor). Channels can be placed at a distance from a neighbor at least 0.5 meters.

Installation of the fence - as an important part of construction

• If the boundaries of the Earth are not put in nature
• The plot is not yet on the cadastral record

The rules of the Earth of use, as well as the development, determine other serious norms, whose violation may cause the responsibility of the administrative plan. The device of that or another fence is recommended to discuss with the neighbors, notify them about the date of the beginning of such works. The question of financing is not resolved, so it can be mutually also discussed with its neighbors.

As noted above, at certain cases it is better not to install a capital type fence, so the temporary fence will become the perfect option. Such a fence is allowed to organize after the site is fully executed in the right of ownership, as well as its borders will be clearly highlighted using flight signs.

Usually, this fence is performed as a conventional grid, which is attached to a metallic column. Such elements are simply driven into the ground, are not concreted. The main requirement is that the fence should not be made from a continuous cloth, it can be easily dismantled if necessary. In the case when the place of the organization's organization does not coincide with the borders, the owner of the neighboring site should be notified of this.

Why is it forbidden to install a solid type forbidden between land plots?

It should be noted that construction legislation, and in particular 30-02-97 indicate that the fence that will function as a separator between landlines, can be installed in the following options:

• Lattice
• Grid

The fact is that a huge number of complaints from the owners land plots contributed to the authorized bodies to make appropriate conclusions. Solid fertility structures often became the causes of conflicts between neighbors, prevented, as a result of which amendments were made on the legislative level relative to a certain form of fences.

Is it possible to establish a fence from such a material as a professional flooring?

With the existence of a huge number of disputes regarding the organization of fences from the corrugated floor, it is important to understand that a clear legislative norm, as well as the prohibition on this occasion, does not exist. Moreover, none of the construction rule does not indicate that the fence from the above material is impossible. But, it is worth understanding, SNiP establishes other rules, and in particular the organization of fences in the form of lattices, as well as grids. If you first understand the moment, it is possible to make a fence in the form that the country's legislation requires. But what to do in the case when the fence already exists?

The legislation is thought out carefully, but there are certain "loopholes" in it, with which professional flooring can be applied as material for the design of a fender nature. Such a fence can be put in the case when neighbors are not against - they must give (for warranty) a written agreement on the installation of this fence, which will eliminate all the risks of conflicts in the future. This option also does not give 100% guarantees of the lack of problem moments in the future, because relations between neighbors can deteriorate, which does not exclude litigation.

If the initial controversial moments arose, as for the installed fence, it is necessary to understand that the output exists:

• Try to establish a conflict with neighbors (not always easy)
• Install the grid - Rabita (at least appearance This fence will not everyone like it, but it is allowed by law)
• It is possible to replace the fence to the evander. This moment has its own financial character, but solves conflict situations. This material misses the rays of the sun, has a good appearance, and also does not throw a shadow of a solid type. Moreover, when installing a fence from this material, you can be completely confident in its legality, because it responds to all the requirements of SNiP.

When taking into account all of the above rules, it is necessary to know that the start of construction, and its completion requires not only knowledge in this area, but also to comply with all the deadlines. The construction in the form of a private house cannot be carried out without certain documentation, the order and timing of which is also established at the legislative level.

In the case when there is no possibility to independently deal with questions regarding the harmonization of future construction, the collection of necessary documentation or the solution of others important issuesYou should entrust such moments to experienced professionals of your business. Specialists will quickly solve all the problematic moments, fulfill their work in a specified period with a positive result. Sometimes, without consultation, as well as the help of professionals is very difficult to figure out and understand what exactly should be done when construction work At home, so that all stages comply with the legislation of the country.

Regulatory standards and rules of development should be taken into account by each owner of the land plot planning the construction of an individual residential building. Existing slopes are designed to make the operation of all buildings as safe and comfortable.

On the arrangement of the territories of low-rise construction

The main standards applied to the plots allotted for low-rise buildings are contained in SNiP 30-102-99. In addition to actually residential cottage In such a plot, ground can be erected outbuildingsThe underground communications are laid, perennial plantings are planted. The location of such objects is governed by sanitary and fire standards.

Planning sites are produced, focusing on:

Sizes of objects;

Distances between objects and: large plants, the boundary of the site, the red line.

In addition, they take into account the mutual location of objects on a given area, as well as the distance from the analogues located on the surrounding territories.

Mandatory sanitary norms

The residential building must defend other buildings on the site (minimum):

From bath / shower - by 5-8 m;

Nozpostroeks (Sarai for "Livingness") - by 15 m;

Filtering well - by 8-10 m;

Separate restrooms, garbage collection sites - 15 m.

In turn, a distance of 20 m (or more) should be separated by a drinking well and a garbage collector / courtyard toilet or cattle srates (up to 50 m.kv).

Construction uses the term "red line". This is a conditional feature separating the building area from places common use (travel, roads, highways, etc.). Norms are provided for the presence of a distance between individual house and Central Street - 6 m, approaching the construction to the residential passage - 3 m. In turn, high trees are customary to have 4 meters from the red line, while shrubs landed in the 5-meter zone from the edge of the roadway are obliged to be no higher half meter. In addition, it is impossible that the borders of the large plants prevent normal illumination of the inner residential premises or the travel of fire transport.

The elements listed below must be at such a minimum distance from the boundary of the adjacent area:

Residential building - 3 m;

Constructions for the maintenance of birds and livestock - 4 m;

Other buildings - 1 m;

Shrub - 1 m;

The mid-graduated trees (measurements on the trunks) - 2 m, tall - 3 m.

Mandatory fire safety standards

General Requirements of ILS and Fire Safety The minimum area area, according to the legislation, should be at least 0.06 hectares. By tradition, the site should be removed by the fence, according to the standards of ILS, the elevation fence should not exceed the half-meter, and it should be made from the grid. You can build a higher fence only at a public passage, and then, with the permission of the relevant instances. In the absence of central sewage, the owner of the site is obliged to regulatory acts, build a restroom and equip a compost pit, well, or in extreme cases, a box. Fire safety requirements for fire safety while building a house or other buildings you need, you should pay attention to the compliance with the rules of the fire inspection. As such, the rules of the fire inspection at the distance between the buildings are not, but there are the necessary distances between buildings located in the neighborhood, according to the flammability of the materials, of which they are built. Feling table based on construction materials:

Stone structures - 6 meter distance;

Concrete buildings - a distance of 8 meters;

Building of reinforced concrete - 10 meters.

If on cottage plot For the construction of a house or garage, overlaps from a tree will be used, the specified distances increase by 2 m, respectively, categories.

Requirements IZhS for sanitary standards

In addition to the rules of fire safety, there are still sanitary standards of ILS. According to sanitary standards, the distance from your home, up to the border of the neighbors section should be at least three meters distance from a barn or a pen for animals - at least four meters the limit of the location of the economic buildings to the border of the neighboring site, is one meter from tall trees - four meters from the average Trees to the neighboring site, the distance should be two meters from shrubs - one meter. At the same time, you must be able to correctly measure the distances. The distance from the house is measured by the projection of the protruding parts or base. If, for any circumstances, household buildings on your land plotare at a distance of less than one meter from the neighbors section, the roofs should be made in your direction. The norms of ILS regulate buildings not only in relation to the neighboring area, but also within the borders of your site too. According to these standards, economic buildings for animals must be at a distance of 12 m from the house of the bath - at a distance of 8 m. If economic buildings come into contact with residential premises in the country area, then other norms must be observed - separate entrance In each room at a distance of seven meters from each other. Requirements Izhs to buildings There are Izhs standards that relate to the construction of the house itself. Residential premises, height, should be no less than 2,2m, household buildings 2m, and cellar - 1.6 m

Standards for the installation of engineering communications of construction standards must be respected not only with the direct construction of the house, but also during communications. These standards are contained in SNiP. Suppose water supply to cottage house It can be provided through a well, a well or centralized water supply, but the water supply in the house is possible only if there is centralized sewage.

Water consumption rates

There are certain norms not only in relation to private households, but also to villages as a whole. In the village, there must be an affordable source of drinking water, and a zone equipped around it, according to sanitary standards. According to the norms of legislation, a person can not use more than 50 liters in the day if it consumes the water of the well well for general use. Also, the rate of water consumption in the village is prescribed. Consumption rate increases from 125l to 160l, in the presence of central water supply and sewage. On watering plants in the country village, the daily rate ranges from 3l to 15 liters per meter square per day. The fire safety system directly depends on the water supply, so if there is no connection to the centralized water supply, where connecting columns should be created every 100m, it is necessary to create a special reservoir.

Norms for cleaning facilities

In the construction and operation of wastewater treatment facilities, the same has its own rules and norms. Connection on the site of the central sewage is regulated by regulatory documents, and the construction and use of other structures and cesspools must be coordinated with SanEpidemstan and security authorities ambient. According to the norms of these organizations, wastewater from the shower and baths must be collected in the trench, where there is a filter material, such as sand and gravel bottom.

Norms for heating and hot water systems

The heating and hot water supply system The provision for in the country village can be carried out by autonomous devices, such as boilers, heaters and convector. Norms for gas supply Gas supply in the garden partnership or in the country area can be centrally and autonomous. But in any case, it is necessary to comply with certain requirements. Gas cylinders, for autonomous gas supply, must be stored in a specially equipped room. It is forbidden to keep the cylinders in the garden plot with a capacity of more than 12l. For the content of cylinders with a large volume, there are special storage prescriptions.

Norms to power grids

The power grid should not be merged over the plots. Legal bases can only be for wiring individually. For its own safety, it will not be too much lightning protection in the garden plot.

Garage construction standards on the site

I think no one will argue with the fact that the garage is the most important building on the plot after the house. For the construction of the garage, there are also its norms of IZhS. According to the legislation, special permits for the construction of the garage in its area are not required. But there are certain norms that need to be observed. The garage on the standards of IZhS is a household building. Therefore, the construction of the garage is allowed in one meter from the fence in the garden plot. But at the same time, from your garage to the nearest neighboring structure should be at least 6 meters. In the event that there are no close buildings on the neighbors section, then there are no obstacles to the construction of the garage. Why exactly 6 meters - such a distance from the garage to the nearest buildings is due to fire safety measures. When fireing one object, the fire can go to another, but for a garage, it is even more relevant. Let's summarize - measured 6 meters from the nearest neighborhood structure and meter from the fence, and you can begin construction of the garage.

On sanctions for violation of mandatory rules

Planning a plot intended for the construction of an individual house is a creative and multifaceted process. However, in the heat of transformations, it is not necessary to forget about the compliance with the above requirements, because for violation of mandatory for the construction sphere, the norms sooner or later will be punished. Call for the response of the negligent developer can as performing construction supervision state bodyAnd the face whose rights are violated (for example, a neighbor in the site). The "guilty" landowner may be fined, which is provided for by the Code of Administrative Offenses (the size of penalties depends on the severity of the offense).

In addition, the structure can be recognized as alimply, and such objects are considered to be demolished. It must be said that such dismantling is made either by the forces of the violator of the norms, or at his expense with the involvement of third-party specialists.

Important: It is impossible to place ownership of a similar structure, if its preservation leads to a violation of legitimate rights or creating a threat to the health / life of other citizens.

Rules for the construction of the garage on the site.

The borders of the hospostroops run 1 m from the fence. Because the distance from the garage to the fence will be in these borders.

According to p1. and paragraph 17 of Article 51 Civil Code RF, issuing permission to build a garage on a personal site to receive anywhere. No one can accuse the developer in the unauthorized building of the garage on the personal land plot. The garage refers to the housekeeping and can stand in 1 m from the fence. But this rule works if there are no buildings on the adjacent area. If there are buildings, then the rule is working 6 m between neighboring buildings.

Consider the situation when there are no buildings at the next site. The one who first received all permits for the construction of documents, he also takes the best and comfortable places for construction. Following the developer who came to comply with the rules of fire safety and count meters.

Consider another option. You are the most developer who came when a neighbor began building. IN this case It is necessary to enter into negotiations with a neighbor, stipulate all the rules of development, taking into account the distance from the fence, after the agreements reached, everything must be recorded and sign in the notary in the form of a contract. This is especially done if you have deviations from existing legislation. In case of development, after 3 years, the statute of limitations occurs.

There is a third option. The neighbor for concessions does not go. Then they take the roulette and die six meters from the nearest structure of the neighbor. Snip regulates such a distance between the buildings, this value was taken from the calculation of fire safety (when one of the objects is ignited, the fire will not be able to flush to another building). Then Distance from the fencefor a garage can be at least three meters, a maximum of 5 meters. At this place and begin the construction of the garage.

If a garage or at least one of its angle will be located at a distance of less than 1 meter from the fence and less than 6 meters from the residential building at the neighboring area, then the construction can simply be demolished by the court decision. To do this will need statement of claim To court and payment of state duty.

Red lines denote the boundaries of state territories, already existing or planned to build, allocated for general use. These are the strategic borders of the state areas of the Earth, on which the lines of power lines, lines, lines of cable structures, pipelines, roads, automotive and iron, and others are located.

When the question arises about the construction of the garage on the personal plot, the person is guided by personal wishes. They look like this: setting the gate to a fence, preserving the place on the plot, mixing snow removal work to a minimum.

The obstacle to this can be red lines. If they pass on the external borders of the plots, the construction line will be shifted from them by 5 m deep into the site. The construction of the garage will also go to the building line.

It is necessary to relate to these lines, otherwise the garage can be demolished for their violation. The distance of all personal builds to the red lines should be at least 5 m. When agreeing with the board, the canopy or garage for the car may adjust the fence from the carriageway.

Do I need permission to build a garage?

In order to place a garage on the site, you do not need to receive any permissions. This can be found about this, shedding the city-planning code.

According to the document, permissions need if:

1. The garage will be placed on Earth intended for agriculture.
2. The placement of boxing at the station does not pursue the commercial interest of an individual.
3. Any auxiliary structure is erected on the site.

But despite the fact that the garage does not require permission, it should still be obtained. Such a step can help the owner in the event of a conflict situation with neighbors. Also permission will be useful if there are questions from public services.

It is worth noting that permission is necessary only for capital buildings with the presence of a solid foundation.

How to post?

First of all, it is worth thinking about the size of the building. Previously, capital garages were designed for the sizes of Soviet cars. However, they are not suitable for modern auto industry because of small dimensions. To date, the optimal size for the construction is 5 × 7 × 3 m (in width, length and height, respectively).

More precisely with the dimensions of the garage for two or one car can be found

The exact dimensions of the construction are not listed in Snip. However, according to the document, inside, with the car delivered, the sides should remain at least 0.8 m of free space.

The garage relates to economic buildings, so its placement is regulated by the same standards prescribed in SNIVI 2.07.01-89:

1. The distance to neighboring buildings should be at least 6 m.
2. Between concrete buildings, the distance should be 8 m, and between reinforced concrete at least 10 m.
3. The distance between the garage and the fence should be at least a meter. This gap is needed to carry out timely repair of the construction.
4. The garage should be located no more than 3 meters from the border of the side road, and if the site is located near the central roadway, then the distance increases to 5 meters.

It is also worth remembering that the open garage gate should not block the driving part and interfere with the passage passage.

There is an advantage from those owners of the plots of IZhS, next to which there are no buildings at neighborhood areas. This allows you to more freely place a garage, with a smaller number of rules. And in the event of the start of construction, the neighbors will have to be focused on the previously erected construction of the owner of the site.

Fire safety

To ensure fire safety, between the garage and the private house should be at least 3 m. And in the case of availability wooden overlapsThere should be at least 12 m between the garage and the house.

At the same time, if both the house and the garage are assembled from combustible materials, then the distance should increase to 15 m.

In addition to location, there are other mandatory standards for ensuring fire safety:

• installation of fire shield and fire extinguisher in close proximity to the garage;
• lack of heating in the construction;
• conducting wiring in full compliance with the requirements of PTEEP;
• carrying out wiring through the counter in the house in a protective metal casing;
• installation of lighting with factory beads;
• the presence of automatic fuses in case of overload or short circuit on the network.

In case of compliance with all the rules of fire safety, the garage owner is allowed to reduce the distance to facilities, in the design of which there are combustible materials.

Can I disrupt the rules?

Sometimes there are situations in which the construction of the garage on the site under ILS is impossible without a violation of certain norms.

In this case, the legislation resolves build houses with a retreat from generally accepted SNiPs. But at the same time, the owner must agree on his further actions with neighbors, since otherwise the latter may file a complaint to the administration.

You can violate not all standards. So, changes may be the following:

• reducing the distance between the neighboring house and the garage;
• the possibility of combining several garages, as well as the use of the walls of the structure as a fence.

It is important to remember that the agreement can be carried out only with specific people living in the neighborhood. Therefore, in case of settlement to the adjacent area of \u200b\u200bnew owners, you will have to re-request a written permission.

This is due to the fact that the newly minted neighbors may not like the location of the construction, and they are completely legal, through the court will be able to demand demolition design.

Registration order

After the construction of the construction, many ask themselves whether to register the garage on the site of the IZhS. In order to understand this, it is enough to know that such structures are subject to taxes on a par with residential buildings. In addition, the presence of an unregistered building can significantly complicate the sale of POST.

Therefore, after building a garage, you must immediately prepare the package. necessary documents And contact the nearest branch of Rosreestra.

For this paper are transferred to the administration at the location of the site. There, within 10 days, they consider the documentation provided and register the construction or refuse, referring to the violations that need to be corrected.

List of necessary documents

In order to get the registration of the capital garage, the owner must prepare the following documents:

• certificate of ownership of ownership at the station IZhS, where the structure will be placed;
• general Plan of the territory;
• a detailed plan with an accurate indication of the garage dimensions and its location.

The possibility of refusal can be significantly reduced in the event that it is still at the design stage to place a garage and arrange documents in accordance with some requirements:

• the presence of accurate indication of the size of the buildings;
• compliance with urban planning standards;
• maximum compliance with these and actual data.

Consultation architect on accommodation on specific site paid!

The main activity of the company INTERSTROY is the construction of frame and aerated concrete houses.

Construction consultations are free.

Having a land plot in the private sector, everyone wants to emerge to equip it, building a home and other buildings on it. To implement the planned buildings, in addition to financial savings, it is necessary to familiarize themselves with the standards for the construction of various buildings.
To facilitate this task, it is recommended to refer to the designer organization, which in its work all the nuances of the requirements of the construction of private houses - SNiPs, as well as urban planning standards. In this area, we will help you deal with the question of yourself!

What can be erected on the land plot?

To begin with, it is worth noting that not all types of buildings are erected in the dacha, on a plot in the garden partnership or simply provided for IZH the structures regulates SNIP 30-102-99. Basically, he points to general rules Development of the land plot, the norms of the location of the residential house and economic structures, materials that should be used to build structures, etc. Therefore, to begin with, it is necessary to determine which buildings will be located on the site.

What can be built on the lands of IZhS?

In general, in accordance with the standards of construction on the land, you can build the following structures:

• house;
• shed;
• outdoor toilet;
• bath;
• compost yam;
• garage;
• other business objects.

Of course, the main building is the residential house itself. Unlike other structures on a plot under the IZhS, the residential building is the main and for its construction it is necessary to obtain permission. For sheds or other economic buildings such permission is not necessary. Exception Is that the water tower is on which the license is drawn up and pay the tax.

SNiP for the construction of private houses

A number of requirements are presented to the residential building, in particular:

• fire safety requirements;
• norms of hydrological characteristics of the soil;
• rules for the construction of bearing walls;
• material consumption norms;
• requirements for location relative to roads and neighboring sites and other structures;
• the layout standards of the internal premises of a residential building.

The main requirement for the planning of interior.

So that the structure was recognized as suitable for accommodation, it is necessary:

• in the building itself there should be no production premises;
• in the building there must be room for housing, nutrition and hygienic procedures;
• there must be a central heating system, and in its absence, heat generators;
• bathroom and pantry.

In this case, the presence of a bathroom and storeroom inside the building is not necessary if there are external buildings applicable on the site within the specified purposes.

Distance from the border of the site to the building

The rules for determining the boundaries of the building are determined by two, depending on;

• from the distance of buildings from the neighboring site;
• from the distance between buildings on the side inside the site.

So, the indents from the adjacent section of the structure should be equal to no less:

• the residential house itself is from the neighbors of at least 3 meters;
• sheds - 4 meters;
• baths, toilets - 2.5 meters;
• greenhouses and greenhouses4 meters;
• garage - at least 1 meter;
• other structures - 3 meters.

The distance from the so-called red road line to any facility on the site should not be less than 5 meters. It is possible to determine from the fence to the house at your discretion.

Fireproof standards in the construction of an individual residential building

In fact, the requirements for the observance of the distance between the buildings are introduced, including in order to ensure fire safety. So, if there are wooden buildings on the plot, the distance between them should not be less than 15 meters. In addition, there are special fireproof norms in the construction of an individual residential building relating to the sample building materials and fire decoration walls.

Ideally, the walls need to be covered with thermosol or other fire-fighting material. Therefore, to build a house on the IZhS site, in which the fire safety standards are fully observed - the case is not cheap.

Firefighters of the construction of a private house also affect the electrical wiring, the technical condition of the electrical and gas equipment, the state of heating systems.

On the height of private buildings

So, are there any requirements limiting the height of private buildings? Specific requirements regarding the height of private buildings, legislation does not push. However, a private single-headed residential building should not be above three floors. Height in meters is not specified.

At the same time, attic is recognized as a separate floor. But the basements and other underground floors are not taken into account. But there the living rooms are forbidden. Also, if the upper part of the basement comes out with more than 2 meters, it will be regarded as a separate floor.

but SNiP sets the maximum permissible height of the fence. The rules for the construction of the fence determine that it should not exceed two meters. Exceptions are cases when the section closely adjacent to the carriageway. In such cases, the reduction fence may exceed the specified height.

The fence between neighboring sites should not be higher than 1.75 meters.

Regarding other structures on the private plot of requirements for their height, the legislator does not push. But in any case, you need to be ready to resolve disputes with neighbors.

The norms of construction of ILS

The construction norms of the ILS, in addition to fire safety standards, includes the requirements for the area of \u200b\u200bindividual premises inside the building. So:

• the total area of \u200b\u200bthe main residential premises (living room, hall) should not be less than 12 square meters;
• kitchen or dining-kitchen should not be less than 6 squares;
• when combining the bathroom, the total area should not be less than 4 squares, during separation: toilet - at least 0.96, bathroom - 1.8 square meters;
• bedrooms - 8 squares.

At the same time, if the specified rooms are on the attic, then their area can be reduced by 2 square meters.

The width of the passing corridors, staircases should be at least 0.9 meters. If the house has an entrance hall, then its area is at least 1.8 meters.

As for the ceiling height in the premises, it should at least be 2.5 meters. But the height of the ceiling on social floor There should be no more than two meters, unless they are supposed to use them for economic purposes (build a bathroom, storage room, etc.).

Is it possible to build a multi-apartment building or townhouse on the plot of IZhS

In order to build apartment house In the site of the IZhS, it is necessary to change the type of site on the "Land of public settlements". However, without changing the type of permitted use, the Townhouse is possible.

In general, in a plot under individual property station, any facilities that are not contrary to the law can be erected. Townhouse in this sense is a completely legal structure. However, the problem arises in connection with the right of ownership of individual apartments inside the townhouse.

Maximum that you can get every tenant is the share of Townhouse. Of course, in court, it is possible to determine the clear boundaries of the share, indicate the premises that are classified as a share of one or another tenant, etc. However, in general, the implementation of such a building is considered undesirable, since the risk of demolition on the application of third parties, the prosecutor's office. Also, constant phenomena will be disputes with neighbors.

Building a garage on the plot: norms

There are also rules and regulations for the construction of the garage on the site. The garage on the private site can be built in different ways:

• bring it as a separate structure;
• build as a room inside a residential building.

Primary requirements:

• when building a garage as a separate building, the distance from the red line should be at least 1 meter, and from the adjacent site - at least 6;
• with the arrangement of the room inside a residential building under the garage, a separate ventilation system is required for the specified room;

SNiP contains other requirements related to building materials, the use of which in the construction of the garage is permissible.

Sanitary standards

General sanitary standards when building a residential building consist of the following:

1. Bathrooms can not be located directly above the bedroom. When building two-storey houseThe bathroom is allowed to equip over the kitchen.
2. The entrance to the bathroom should not be installed opposite the bedroom door or kitchen. It is allowed to equip the entrance to the bathroom from the bedroom itself.

Sanitary requirements for the heating system of the house:

• heating pipes should not spread harmful substances in the air and unpleasant odors;
• all heating equipment must be available for cleaning and maintenance;
• heating power should not exceed 90 degrees.

Ventilation requirements:

• kitchen and bathrooms must have separate ventilation systems;
• sleeping rooms must be equipped with a regular ventilation system (windows, window valves, etc.);
• you can not combine the ventilation of sleeping and shared residential rooms with systems of other economic premises in the house.

Installation requirements:

• all residential premises should be access to natural light;
• artificial lighting in the premises should not be less than 20 suites at the floor level.

In addition, individual sanitary standards have been established during the construction of a private house to electromagnetic radiation, noise and vibrations, etc.

Norms for engineering networks

The residential building must be connected either to central communication systems or have its own autonomous system of engineering networks. When connected to central systems from the developer, responsibility for the correctness of the networks is removed. For this correspond to suppliers, which are connected. But with the arrangement of autonomous engineering network It is necessary to follow certain rules.

Sewerage

The cesspool, the filter well must be at a distance of at least 8 meters from the residential building. All the driving pipes of the sewage must have a mandatory size in a diameter of 150 mm or more. It is necessary to carry out such pipes at a depth of at least 30 centimeters. In this case, the angle of inclination of the pipe should be more than 0.007. However, there is also a dependence on the diameter of the pipe.

Gaza

In no case gas pipes should not run through the foundation or residential premises. Pipes are allowed through the kitchen into the rest of the room, subject to the presence of a central switch in the kitchen. Gas heaters should not be installed in the bathroom.

When using gas cylinders, inside the house is allowed to install cylinders with a volume of no more than 12 liters. Larger capacity should be installed outside the residential building.

Electricity

If the electricity is attracted from the pillar located at a distance of more than 25 meters from the end item of the connection, then the installation of another post is required. At the same time, the pillar should not block transport and pedestrian paths.

The height of the wires should be at least 2.75 meters from the ground. When crossing transport and pedestrian tract - 6 meters.

Water

The law does not establish certain requirements for the water supply (with the exception of the well construction). The most important thing is that the pipes used do not comprise harmful impurities. Hot water can be ensured by the house by installing the boiler.

In any case, the construction of a private house and the arrangement of a separate site is not a simple matter. It should be borne in mind that even in the presence of funds it may take several years.