Maternity capital changes are fresh this year. Use of maternity capital: changes. What awaits maternity capital?
To whom and in what amount are maternity capital given in 2018? What documents are required to obtain mat capital? What can family capital be spent on?
Hello, dear readers of the site “HeatherBober.ru”! This is Dmitry Shaposhnikov, a regular author of the business magazine.
In a new publication we will talk about maternity capital. The topic will be of interest to all family people, as well as those who are planning to start a family or simply want to improve their level of financial literacy.
So let's begin!
1. What is maternity capital and how much money can you get?
Maternal (aka family) capital is a financial measure to encourage Russian citizens to have (adopt) a second child and subsequent children. This type of government support is aimed at increasing the birth rate in the country and stimulating natural population growth.
The mat capital law came into force at the beginning of 2007. The initial amount of subsidies was 250 thousand rubles, but every year since the introduction of the benefit, this amount has been indexed.
The size of maternal family capital (MFC) has constantly increased. Currently (2018) it is 453 026 rubles
The amount is not handed out immediately after the birth of the second child: it is not cash “real” money, but a monetary obligation that can only be used for certain needs. The list of these needs is limited by law.
The legal definition of maternity capital is as follows: these are federal budget assets distributed among the population through the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation (PFR) for the purpose of implementing state support measures for families.
Several important facts regarding maternity capital:
- the right to receive is granted once (one family can receive the benefit only once);
- changing the size of the MSK does not entail replacing an already received certificate;
- You can apply to the Pension Fund for obtaining MK at any time after the birth of a child in the family;
- you can choose a method for managing funds after 3 years from the date of receipt of the certificate (this period is shortened if it is necessary to pay interest on loans);
- the amount of capital is exempt from taxes;
- the benefit is provided not to the child, but to his parents;
- The certificate is only valid together with an identification document.
In some regions of the Russian Federation, federal fertility stimulation programs have their own nuances, including changing the size of the benefit towards an increase and providing other benefits. There is a separate publication in our magazine.
Indexation of maternity capital - main changes in 2018
Indexation has been carried out annually since 2007. The exceptions were 2016 and 2017: in these years the amount of MSC remained the same as in 2015.
In the current 2018, indexation of the size of the MSK was not carried out.
In order to compensate for the lack of indexation, an anti-crisis measure was taken at the beginning of 2016 - all certificate holders could receive 20 thousand rubles from the capital amount by submitting an application to the Pension Fund before March 31.
In May 2016, by decision of government authorities, in connection with the protracted crisis, a repeated payment was introduced. Parents whose babies were born before December 31, 15 could receive it. At the same time, the amount has increased - now cash payments from maternity capital amounted to 25 thousand.
New possibilities for using the benefit are also being introduced - for example, the allocation of funds for high-tech treatment and social rehabilitation of disabled children.
Latest news on the topic:
Vladimir Putin took the initiative to extend maternity capital until 2022. In addition, as part of the implementation of the National Strategy for Action for Children, the President proposed making payments monthly for those families who need it.
Putin also said that monthly payments for the birth of their first child would be introduced as additional support for Russian families. On average, they will amount to 10,523 rubles per month in 2018 and will continue to grow - in 2020 they are expected to reach 11,143 rubles.
Another innovation is that maternity capital funds can now be spent not only on education or improving living conditions, but also on paying for the care of preschool children, starting from 2 months.
Video with this news:
2. How to get maternity capital - who issues it, documents and conditions for receiving it
This chapter contains all the most important things about obtaining mat capital.
The general rule is:
MSK Can be used for its intended purpose after the child is 3 years old.
The exception is situations when it is necessary to repay a loan for the purchase of housing (mortgage), construction, or reconstruction. You can spend funds for these purposes immediately after receiving a supporting document.
You should apply for a certificate at the regional office of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation at your place of registration or stay. An application for extradition is submitted in person or through an authorized representative. You can also send it by mail.
The following have the right to receive the document:
- women, citizens of the Russian Federation, who gave birth (adopted) 2 children or subsequent children since January 1, 2007;
- men, citizens of the Russian Federation, the only adoptive parents of the second or subsequent children (if the decision on adoption was made on January 1, 2007 and later);
- minor children upon termination of their parents’ right to additional measures of state support.
The right to maternal capital is confirmed by a state certificate.
Standard list of documents for obtaining a certificate:
- Application for receipt.
- Applicant's passport.
- Birth certificate for all children.
- Court decision on adoption (for adopted children).
After collecting the necessary documents (usually copies), they are taken to the Foundation, and a certificate is issued in person about a month after a standard legal check. If the recipient cannot come to receive the document in person (for example, lives in a remote area), it will be sent to him by mail.
3. What to spend maternity capital on - TOP 5 popular options
Not all parents who qualify for a certificate know how to use it most effectively. Meanwhile, there are many options for using capital: improving housing, child education, healthcare, paying off loans and borrowings.
We have selected the most popular methods of using maternity capital and examined them in detail.
We would like to warn readers that this is not a complete list of all possibilities for the practical use of MK: new prospects will be discussed in the corresponding section.
Option 1. Improving living conditions
In the HeaterBeaver magazine there is a detailed publication entirely devoted to the issue. In this paragraph we will consider general provisions.
Using MK to purchase or build housing is the most popular option among the population for managing state benefits. This is logical: when 2 children are born, the issue of increasing living space is especially relevant.
There are several options for solving the housing problem with the help of MK:
- reconstruction (modernization) of a residential building with a parallel increase in area;
- purchasing a house (more details in the article “”);
- participation in shared construction (contribution from MK as a contribution);
- application (there is a separate article on this topic).
An application for the disposal of mat capital for the construction or purchase of a house (apartment) is submitted to the same body - the Pension Fund. This organization manages all operations with maternity capital.
Money from maternal money can be used to pay for the services of work crews, the purchase of building materials, the operation of equipment and other expense items that arise during construction and repair work.
Option 2. Take out a mortgage or loan
Borrowing money for an apartment using family capital or taking out a mortgage is a unique opportunity for parents to provide housing for themselves and their children. , read in a separate publication.
Financial companies (banks and other organizations with lending rights) issue funds for maternal capital primarily to improve housing conditions. However, in recent years, the possibility of providing other targeted loans secured by maternity capital has been considered.
The types of loans available to certificate holders are described in detail in the articles “” and “”
Please note that a positive decision on lending and mortgage payments is not made on every parent’s application. Financial institutions have strict requirements for potential borrowers.
In particular, they are required to provide:
- certificate of official employment;
- document confirming stable income;
- evidence of an impeccable credit history.
If the bank agrees to the loan, families receive many benefits in the form of minimal down payments and long terms for the total payment of the mortgage and loan.
You can pay with family capital for a loan issued before the birth of the second child. Both the mother and the father can complete the transaction. To get a mortgage, there is no need to wait for the baby’s 3rd birthday: an agreement with the bank is concluded, if desired, immediately after birth.
Important nuance
Funds from the maternity state benefit cannot be used to pay off fines issued by the bank for failure to meet payment deadlines.
Option 3. Pay for the child’s education
A great way to use mother's money is to contribute to a child's education. This type of investment will definitely result in solid dividends for a young person, since investments in personal development are the most profitable investments.
You can use funds for educational needs only after 3 years. The deadline for using assets is 25 years. An educational institution must be located on the territory of the Russian Federation and have the legal right to provide services of this type.
Where to go if you decide to spend MK on your child’s education? As always, to the Pension Fund, to the branch at your place of residence.
Parents who are advanced in modern technologies can complete the procedure via the Internet using the “Personal Account of a Citizen.”
List of educational services that can be paid for with capital:
- Child support and/or supervision of him in educational institutions (kindergartens, nurseries, clubs, sections, children's clubs).
- Studying at a university, a special educational institution.
- Study in music and art schools.
- Exercise in a sports club.
- Participation in state educational programs with appropriate accreditation.
- Accommodation in a hostel at the university.
Funds can be sent to both private and public institutions. Write and submit your application six months (at least) before the date when you need to pay for services.
Option 4. Transfer to a pension fund
A mother or father can apply to transfer family capital or part of it to a non-state fund - a private company that manages citizens’ savings.
Such institutions should (ideally) not only store money, but also increase funds through profitable financial transactions.
By law, you can return these assets to yourself before retirement age and spend them on your child’s education or housing needs. You can also receive these funds after retirement in the form of a term payment.
Option 5. Sell maternity capital
Here we want to immediately warn that there are few legal ways to sell family subsidies.
It was possible to cash out only 25 thousand (until November 2016), but it is possible (if the crisis drags on) the state will again meet citizens halfway and pass a law on repeated payments.
We warn you that most options for selling maternity capital or placing a certificate in trust are outright fraudulent transactions aimed at depriving parents of their legal funds.
If you are offered to take your assets into circulation and are promised good profits in exchange for intermediary services, this is a direct reason to be wary. Most likely, these are scammers who will not only not return your money, but will also leave you in debt to credit and mortgage organizations.
All options for disposing of MSC in one table:
№ Use case for mat capital Advantages Flaws 1 Improving living conditions Real savings on construction and purchase of housing None 2 Credits and loans You can use MK as a down payment and as a means of repaying the main loan Loans are given only for housing needs 3 Education Any type of education is paid for The program is valid only up to 25 years of age 4 Transfer to a pension fund A great way to boost your retirement savings Over many years, the real value of the ruble currency may decrease significantly 5 Sale – Almost all methods of cashing out capital are illegal 4. New programs and prospects for using maternity capital
Family capital as a tool for improving the demographic status of Russia has shown its effectiveness and promise. Officially, the program has been extended until the end of 2018, but there is a high probability that it will continue to operate.
It is possible to introduce new methods of using subsidies:
- – read about this in a separate article on our portal;
- use of funds for healthcare needs - purchase of medicines, treatment of seriously ill children with high-tech methods;
- development of personal farming for village residents;
- purchase of equipment, furniture, durable goods;
- payment for sanatorium and resort services;
- providing disabled children with technical equipment.
In some regions of the Russian Federation, these programs have already successfully entered into practice. For example, in the Ivanovo region, you can spend MK for any of the purposes listed above from the date of purchase of the certificate.
5. Basic questions about maternity capital (FAQ)
And now answers to some of the most common questions regarding family capital.
Who is NOT given a maternity capital certificate?
The benefit is definitely not given to parents whose children were born (or adopted) before 01/01/2007, as well as to non-Russian citizens.
Providing a certificate is possible only if you have all the documents necessary to complete the procedure.
Is it possible to receive maternity capital for a third child if it has already been received for the second?
The answer is no. The right to use funds from the state budget is granted once. True, some regions may pay additional maternity money in addition to federal money for the birth of a third and subsequent children.
What NOT to spend maternity capital on?
Funds cannot be used to pay off debt on consumer loans, purchase goods, or make payments on any loans, except those related to home repairs and construction.
To protect funds from misappropriation by irresponsible, short-sighted, and financially illiterate parents, the state has banned direct cashing of certificates. In other words, money can only be spent on vital things - housing, education, health.
Is it possible to spend capital issued after the birth of a second child on the education of the first?
It is possible: state benefits are issued not to a specific child, but to his parents. They can manage family capital for the benefit of the whole family. Education means not only studying at a university, but classes in clubs, private kindergartens, and specialized institutions.
Our state is conducting special programs aimed at increasing the birth rate. One of the measures of such a program is the payment of maternity capital to parents who have a second (or subsequent child). Many young parents, before the birth of their second child, think about how to obtain maternity capital.
The amount of maternity capital has increased compared to 2014: now, in 2016, it is 453,026 rubles. Matkapital is issued in the form of a certificate that can be used in various ways. Let's consider the main issues that interest young parents.
Who receives maternity capital?
A parent can receive a capital certificate at the birth of their second and subsequent children. Adoption is also equivalent to birth.
Maternity capital can be received by both a woman (who has given birth or adopted a child) and a man who is the sole adoptive parent of the second, third and subsequent children.
Here are the two main conditions for obtaining maternal capital. Need to:
- So that the child and parent have Russian citizenship. It doesn't matter where they live or were born.
- For the second child to be born (adopted) after January 1, 2007. If the second (third, etc.) child was born before this date, then capital can only be received upon the birth of the third (or subsequent) child after January 1, 2007.
Sometimes it happens that two children are born at once. In this case, it is also possible to obtain maternity capital.
Not only the mother, but also the father can receive the certificate. To do this, it is necessary that he be the only parent and at the same time adopt a second, third child, etc.
Maternity capital is paid only once. That is, if you received it at the birth of your second child, you will no longer receive it at the birth of your third and subsequent ones.
The procedure for obtaining maternity capital
Obtaining a certificate for maternal capital is not very difficult. It is issued by the Russian Pension Fund. To receive capital, a parent applying for it must contact the territorial branch of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation (or a multifunctional center) with a package of the following documents:
- passport of the parent-citizen of the Russian Federation;
- birth certificates of the first and second child (or a court decision on adoption);
- parent's birth certificate;
- an application filled out in the prescribed form;
- Certificate of pension insurance of the parent and children.
Do not forget that you must be registered in the territory served by a specific Pension Fund branch. Copies (if necessary) of all documents are taken by a Pension Fund specialist, who also certifies them.
If the father receives maternity capital (and sometimes it happens that the children themselves), then you will need to provide the Pension Fund with a death certificate of the mother (or a court decision declaring the mother deceased). If the mother has been deprived of parental rights, then a corresponding court decision is provided.
Reviewing your application and checking the accuracy of all data will take no more than one month. As soon as it is reviewed, a specialist from the Pension Fund will contact you and inform you on what day you can receive the certificate. Or you will receive such a notification by mail.
On the appointed date, you come to the Pension Fund and they give you a certificate in your hand. In addition, today it is possible to issue a certificate in the form of an electronic document (the desired form of receiving the certificate is indicated in the application).
Where to spend money?
Maternity capital is allocated for the purposes provided for by law only after three years after the birth or adoption of a child. Unfortunately, there are no exceptions to this rule yet.
The law provides for strictly defined cases in which maternity capital is used. One such case is the improvement of living conditions. According to statistics, this is exactly what more than 80% of families spend their capital on. You can also spend money on children’s education, on accumulating a mother’s pension, and on the purchase of goods and services intended for the social adaptation and integration of disabled children into society.
Using capital to improve living conditions means you can use it to repay part of a mortgage loan, use it to buy an apartment, build a residential building with it, etc. If you want to spend money on your children’s education, you can pay for kindergarten, school, and university education from your maternity capital. The third option involves investing in a future pension through, for example, non-state pension funds.
It is allowed to use maternal capital in several directions at once.
Video
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